Frandes Mirela, Deiac Anca V, Timar Bogdan, Lungeanu Diana
Department of Functional Sciences, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara.
Department of Mathematics, Polytechnic University of Timisoara.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2017 Feb 14;11:259-269. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S127922. eCollection 2017.
Nowadays, mobile technologies are part of everyday life, but the lack of instruments to assess their acceptability for the management of chronic diseases makes their actual adoption for this purpose slow.
The objective of this study was to develop a survey instrument for assessing patients' attitude toward and intention to use mobile technology for diabetes mellitus (DM) self-management, as well as to identify sociodemographic characteristics and quality of life factors that affect them.
We first conducted the documentation and instrument design phases, which were subsequently followed by the pilot study and instrument validation. Afterward, the instrument was administered 103 patients (median age: 37 years; range: 18-65 years) diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 DM, who accepted to participate in the study. The reliability and construct validity were assessed by computing Cronbach's alpha and using factor analysis, respectively.
The instrument included statements about the actual use of electronic devices for DM management, interaction between patient and physician, attitude toward using mobile technology, and quality of life evaluation. Cronbach's alpha was 0.9 for attitude toward using mobile technology and 0.97 for attitude toward using mobile device applications for DM self-management. Younger patients (Spearman's =-0.429; <0.001) with better glycemic control (Spearman's =-0.322; <0.001) and higher education level (Kendall's =0.51; <0.001) had significantly more favorable attitude toward using mobile assistive applications for DM control. Moreover, patients with a higher quality of life presented a significantly more positive attitude toward using modern technology (Spearman's =0.466; <0.001).
The instrument showed good reliability and internal consistency, making it suitable for measuring the acceptability of mobile technology for DM self-management. Additionally, we found that even if most of the patients showed positive attitude toward mobile applications, only a moderate level of intention to indeed use them was observed. Moreover, the study indicated that barriers were truthfulness and easiness to use.
如今，移动技术已成为日常生活的一部分，但缺乏评估其在慢性病管理中可接受性的工具，这使得它们在这方面的实际应用进展缓慢。
本研究的目的是开发一种调查工具，用于评估患者对使用移动技术进行糖尿病（DM）自我管理的态度和意愿，并确定影响这些态度和意愿的社会人口学特征及生活质量因素。
我们首先进行了文献记录和工具设计阶段，随后进行了预试验和工具验证。之后，该工具被应用于103名被诊断为1型或2型糖尿病且同意参与研究的患者（中位年龄：37岁；范围：18 - 65岁）。分别通过计算Cronbach's α系数和使用因子分析来评估信度和结构效度。
该工具包括关于电子设备在糖尿病管理中的实际使用、患者与医生之间的互动、对使用移动技术的态度以及生活质量评估的陈述。对使用移动技术的态度方面，Cronbach's α系数为0.9；对使用移动设备应用进行糖尿病自我管理的态度方面，Cronbach's α系数为0.97。年龄较小的患者（Spearman's = -0.429；P < 0.001）、血糖控制较好的患者（Spearman's = -0.322；P < 0.001）以及教育水平较高的患者（Kendall's = 0.51；P < 0.001）对使用移动辅助应用进行糖尿病控制的态度明显更积极。此外，生活质量较高的患者对使用现代技术的态度明显更积极（Spearman's = 0.466；P < 0.001）。
该工具显示出良好的信度和内部一致性，适用于测量移动技术在糖尿病自我管理中的可接受性。此外，我们发现即使大多数患者对移动应用表现出积极态度，但实际使用意愿仅处于中等水平。而且，研究表明障碍在于真实性和易用性。
