Moulick Amitava, Milosavljevic Vedran, Vlachova Jana, Podgajny Robert, Hynek David, Kopel Pavel, Adam Vojtech
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2017 Feb 14;12:1277-1291. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S121840. eCollection 2017.
CdTe/ZnSe core/shell quantum dot (QD), one of the strongest and most highly luminescent nanoparticles, was directly synthesized in an aqueous medium to study its individual interactions with important nucleobases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine) in detail. The results obtained from the optical analyses indicated that the interactions of the QDs with different nucleobases were different, which reflected in different fluorescent emission maxima and intensities. The difference in the interaction was found due to the different chemical behavior and different sizes of the formed nanoconjugates. An electrochemical study also confirmed that the purines and pyrimidines show different interactions with the core/shell QDs. Based on these phenomena, a novel QD-based method is developed to detect the presence of the DNA, damage to DNA, and mutation. The QDs were successfully applied very easily to detect any change in the sequence (mutation) of DNA. The QDs also showed their ability to detect DNAs directly from the extracts of human cancer (PC3) and normal (PNT1A) cells (detection limit of 500 pM of DNA), which indicates the possibilities to use this easy assay technique to confirm the presence of living organisms in extreme environments.
碲化镉/硒化锌核壳量子点（QD）是最强且发光性最高的纳米颗粒之一，它在水相中直接合成，以详细研究其与重要核碱基（腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶）的个体相互作用。光学分析结果表明，量子点与不同核碱基的相互作用不同，这体现在不同的荧光发射最大值和强度上。发现相互作用的差异是由于形成的纳米共轭物的化学行为不同和尺寸不同。电化学研究也证实，嘌呤和嘧啶与核壳量子点表现出不同的相互作用。基于这些现象，开发了一种基于量子点的新方法来检测DNA的存在、DNA损伤和突变。量子点非常容易成功应用于检测DNA序列的任何变化（突变）。量子点还显示出能够直接从人癌细胞（PC3）和正常细胞（PNT1A）提取物中检测DNA的能力（DNA检测限为500 pM），这表明使用这种简便检测技术来确认极端环境中生物存在的可能性。
