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用于海洋-海岸环境监测的基于无人机的无线传感器网络

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Based Wireless Sensor Network for Marine-Coastal Environment Monitoring.

作者信息

Trasviña-Moreno Carlos A, Blasco Rubén, Marco Álvaro, Casas Roberto, Trasviña-Castro Armando

机构信息

Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain.

Centro de Investigación Científica de Educación Superior de Ensenada Unidad de La Paz, La Paz 23050, Mexico.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2017 Feb 24;17(3):460. doi: 10.3390/s17030460.

DOI:10.3390/s17030460
PMID:28245587
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5375746/
Abstract

Marine environments are delicate ecosystems which directly influence local climates, flora, fauna, and human activities. Their monitorization plays a key role in their preservation, which is most commonly done through the use of environmental sensing buoy networks. These devices transmit data by means of satellite communications or close-range base stations, which present several limitations and elevated infrastructure costs. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are another alternative for remote environmental monitoring which provide new types of data and ease of use. These aircraft are mainly used in video capture related applications, in its various light spectrums, and do not provide the same data as sensing buoys, nor can they be used for such extended periods of time. The aim of this research is to provide a flexible, easy to deploy and cost-effective Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for monitoring marine environments. This proposal uses a UAV as a mobile data collector, low-power long-range communications and sensing buoys as part of a single WSN. A complete description of the design, development, and implementation of the various parts of this system is presented, as well as its validation in a real-world scenario.

摘要

海洋环境是脆弱的生态系统，直接影响当地气候、动植物和人类活动。对其进行监测在保护海洋环境方面起着关键作用，而这通常是通过使用环境传感浮标网络来完成的。这些设备通过卫星通信或近距离基站传输数据，存在一些局限性且基础设施成本高昂。无人机是远程环境监测的另一种选择，它能提供新型数据且使用方便。这些飞机主要用于各种光谱的视频捕捉相关应用，无法提供与传感浮标相同的数据，也不能长时间使用。本研究的目的是提供一种灵活、易于部署且经济高效的无线传感器网络（WSN）用于监测海洋环境。该方案将无人机用作移动数据收集器，采用低功耗远距离通信，并将传感浮标作为单个WSN的一部分。本文介绍了该系统各个部分的设计、开发和实施的完整描述，以及其在实际场景中的验证情况。

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