Prasad Shilpa, Tiwari Meenakshi, Chaube Shail K
Cell Physiology Laboratory, Biochemistry Unit, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University , Varanasi, India .
Cell Reprogram. 2017 Jun;19(3):145-149. doi: 10.1089/cell.2016.0052. Epub 2017 Mar 2.
Mammals are important for balancing the natural ecosystem, but in the past few decades, several species have rapidly been entered under threatened category worldwide. The environmental changes, loss of natural habitats, human activities, and thereby stress are responsible for a gradual decline in reproductive outcome. Stress induces generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). High physiological level of ROS drives abortive spontaneous egg activation (SEA), while beyond the physiological level causes oxidative stress (OS). The OS induces apoptosis and deteriorates egg quality that limits reproductive outcome. The reduced reproductive outcome is one of the major causes for gradual decline in population size of several mammalian species. Despite having several conservation programs, a gradual decline in species reproductive outcome and their population size is the serious concern for the existence of threatened mammalian species. Thus, it is important to identify and prevent the underlying causes responsible for abortive SEA, which could be an emerging problem for several mammalian species that are threatened or at the verge of extinction.
哺乳动物对于平衡自然生态系统至关重要，但在过去几十年里，全球有几种物种迅速被列入受威胁类别。环境变化、自然栖息地丧失、人类活动以及由此产生的压力是导致生殖结果逐渐下降的原因。压力会诱导活性氧（ROS）的产生。生理水平的ROS会导致自发性卵子激活失败（SEA），而超出生理水平则会导致氧化应激（OS）。OS会诱导细胞凋亡并使卵子质量恶化，从而限制生殖结果。生殖结果下降是几种哺乳动物物种数量逐渐减少的主要原因之一。尽管有多项保护计划，但物种生殖结果及其种群数量的逐渐下降仍是受威胁哺乳动物物种生存的严重问题。因此，识别并预防导致SEA失败的潜在原因很重要，这可能是几种受威胁或濒临灭绝的哺乳动物物种面临的一个新问题。
