Jubbal Kevin T, Kania Katarzyna, Braun Tara L, Katowitz William R, Marx Douglas P
Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas.
Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Semin Plast Surg. 2017 Feb;31(1):58-64. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1598631.
Congenital blepharoptosis, caused by levator muscle dysgenesis, presents at birth and may lead to disturbed visual development and function. Other causes of ptosis in pediatric patients can be myogenic, neurogenic, mechanical, or traumatic. Timely correction is, therefore, critical, and careful preoperative planning and intraoperative considerations are crucial to achieve optimal outcomes and minimize potential complications. The various surgical techniques, including the frontalis suspension or sling, levator resection and advancement, Müller's muscle conjunctival resection (the Putterman procedure), and modified Fasanella-Servat procedure are each associated with distinct indications, benefits, and drawbacks, necessitating a unique tailored approach to each surgical candidate.
先天性上睑下垂由提上睑肌发育不全引起，出生时即出现，可能导致视觉发育和功能障碍。小儿患者上睑下垂的其他原因可能是肌源性、神经源性、机械性或外伤性的。因此，及时矫正至关重要，术前仔细规划和术中考虑对于实现最佳效果和将潜在并发症降至最低至关重要。各种手术技术，包括额肌悬吊或额肌瓣悬吊术、提上睑肌切除术和徙前术、米勒肌结膜切除术（普特曼手术）以及改良法萨内拉 - 塞尔瓦特手术，每种都有不同的适应症、优点和缺点，因此需要针对每个手术候选者采取独特的个性化方法。
