Al-Dughmi Mayis, Al-Sharman Alham, Stevens Suzanne, Siengsukon Catherine F
Departments of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science (A.L-D., C.F.S.) and Neurology (S.S.), University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City; and Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan (A.A-S.).
J Neurol Phys Ther. 2017 Apr;41(2):101-106. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000170.
Sleep has been shown to promote off-line motor learning in individuals following stroke. Executive function ability has been shown to be a predictor of participation in rehabilitation and motor recovery following stroke. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between executive function and off-line motor learning in individuals with chronic stroke compared with healthy control participants.
Seventeen individuals with chronic stroke (>6 months poststroke) and 9 healthy adults were included in the study. Participants underwent 3 consecutive nights of polysomnography, practiced a continuous tracking task the morning of the third day, and underwent a retention test the morning after the third night. Participants underwent testing on 4 executive function tests after the continuous tracking task retention test.
Participants with stroke showed a significant positive correlation between the off-line motor learning score and performance on the Trail-Making Test from Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (r = 0.652; P = 0.005), while the healthy control participants did not. Regression analysis showed that the Trail-Making Test-Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System is a significant predictor of off-line motor learning (P = 0.008).
This is the first study to demonstrate that better performance on an executive function test of attention and set-shifting predicts a higher magnitude of off-line motor learning in individuals with chronic stroke. This emphasizes the need to consider attention and set-shifting abilities of individuals following stroke as these abilities are associated with motor learning. This in turn could affect learning of activities of daily living and impact functional recovery following stroke.Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A166).
睡眠已被证明可促进中风患者的离线运动学习。执行功能能力已被证明是中风后参与康复和运动恢复的一个预测指标。本研究的目的是探讨慢性中风患者与健康对照参与者相比，执行功能与离线运动学习之间的关联。
本研究纳入了17名慢性中风患者（中风后超过6个月）和9名健康成年人。参与者连续3晚进行多导睡眠监测，在第三天上午练习一项连续跟踪任务，并在第三晚后的上午进行一次保持测试。在连续跟踪任务保持测试后，参与者接受4项执行功能测试。
中风患者的离线运动学习得分与Delis-Kaplan执行功能系统的连线测验成绩之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.652；P = 0.005），而健康对照参与者则没有。回归分析表明，连线测验-Delis-Kaplan执行功能系统是离线运动学习的一个显著预测指标（P = 0.008）。
这是第一项表明在注意力和任务转换的执行功能测试中表现更好可预测慢性中风患者更高程度的离线运动学习的研究。这强调了需要考虑中风患者的注意力和任务转换能力，因为这些能力与运动学习相关。这反过来可能会影响日常生活活动的学习，并影响中风后的功能恢复。可查看视频摘要以获取作者更多见解（见视频，补充数字内容1，http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A166）。
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