Saidi Navid, Ghalavand Majdedin, Hashemzadeh Mohammad Sadegh, Dorostkar Ruhollah, Mohammadi Hamed, Mahdian-Shakib Ahmad
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 May;89:719-731. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.093. Epub 2017 Mar 6.
Extensive studies have been performed to clarify the processes during which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into their lineage fates. In vitro differentiation of MSCs into distinct lineages have attracted the focus of a large number of clinical investigations. Although the gene expression profiling during differentiation of MSC toward bone, cartilage, and adipocytes is well established, the master regulators by which MSC fate can be controlled are not entirely determined. During differentiation of MSCs into a special cell fate, epigenetic mechanisms considered as the primary mediators that suppress the irrelevant genes and activate the genes required for a specific cell lineage. This review dedicated to addressing the changes of various epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and micro-RNAs during chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation of MSC.
为了阐明间充质干细胞（MSC）分化为其谱系命运的过程，人们进行了广泛的研究。MSC在体外分化为不同谱系已吸引了大量临床研究的关注。尽管MSC向骨、软骨和脂肪细胞分化过程中的基因表达谱已得到充分确立，但能够控制MSC命运的主要调节因子尚未完全确定。在MSC分化为特定细胞命运的过程中，表观遗传机制被认为是抑制无关基因并激活特定细胞谱系所需基因的主要介质。本综述致力于探讨在MSC软骨生成和成脂分化过程中各种表观遗传机制的变化，包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和微小RNA。
