Chen Shubao, Wu Qiuxia, Qi Chang, Deng Huiqiong, Wang Xuyi, He Haoyu, Long Jiang, Xiong Yifan, Liu Tieqiao
Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, The China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, USA.
BMC Psychiatry. 2017 Mar 9;17(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s12888-017-1245-y.
To investigate the knowledge of schizophrenia and depression among caregivers of patients with mental disorder in China.
A convenience sample of 402 caregivers at the Department of Psychiatry of a general hospital in China was investigated (response rate 95.7%), using vignettes based investigation methodology.
The number of caregivers using the term "depression" to describe the depression vignette was 43.6%, which was significantly higher than the number of caregivers using the term "schizophrenia" to describe the schizophrenia one (28.5%). A high percentage of caregivers believed that "psychiatrist", "psychologist" and "close family members" would be helpful, and the top three most helpful interventions were "becoming more physically active", "getting out and learning more" and "receiving psychotherapy". The number of caregivers endorsed "antipsychotics" and "antidepressants" as helpful for the schizophrenia and the depression vignettes were 82.0 and 80.7%, respectively. Regarding the causes of mental illness, items related to psychosocial factors, including "daily problems" and "work or financial problems", and "weakness of character" were highly rated, with half considered genetic or chemical imbalance causes.
Caregivers expressed a high knowledge about treatments and interventions of mental disorders. But there are still some areas, particularly regarding the recognition and causes of mental disorders, that are in need of improvement. This is particularly the case for schizophrenia.
调查中国精神障碍患者照料者对精神分裂症和抑郁症的了解情况。
采用基于病例 vignettes 的调查方法，对中国一家综合医院精神科的 402 名照料者进行便利抽样调查（应答率为 95.7%）。
用“抑郁症”描述抑郁症 vignette 的照料者比例为 43.6%，显著高于用“精神分裂症”描述精神分裂症 vignette 的照料者比例（28.5%）。高比例的照料者认为“精神科医生”“心理学家”和“亲密家庭成员”会有帮助，最有帮助的前三项干预措施是“增加体育活动”“走出去并学习更多”和“接受心理治疗”。认可“抗精神病药物”对精神分裂症 vignette 有帮助以及“抗抑郁药物”对抑郁症 vignette 有帮助的照料者比例分别为 82.0%和 80.7%。关于精神疾病的病因，与心理社会因素相关的项目，包括“日常问题”“工作或财务问题”以及“性格弱点”被高度认可，半数人认为是遗传或化学失衡导致的。
照料者对精神障碍的治疗和干预表现出较高的认知水平。但仍有一些方面，特别是在精神障碍的识别和病因方面，需要改进。精神分裂症尤其如此。
