Maron Steven B, Catenacci Daniel V T
Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, 900 E 57th St, Suite 7128, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, 900 E 57th St, Suite 7128, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2017 Apr;26(2):293-312. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2016.10.002.
Gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although the incidence of distal gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) is declining in the United States, proximal esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJ) is increasing in incidence. GEC, including GC and EGJ, is treated uniformly in the metastatic setting. Overall survival in the metastatic setting remains poor. Molecular characterization of GEC has identified mutations and copy number variations, along with other oncogenes, biomarkers, and immuno-oncologic checkpoints that may serve as actionable therapeutic targets. This article reviews these key aberrations, their impact on protein expression, therapeutic implications, and clinical directions within each pathway.
食管癌仍然是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因。尽管美国远端胃癌（GC）的发病率在下降，但近端食管胃交界腺癌（EGJ）的发病率却在上升。包括GC和EGJ在内的食管癌在转移性情况下的治疗是统一的。转移性情况下的总体生存率仍然很低。食管癌的分子特征已确定了突变和拷贝数变异，以及其他可能作为可操作治疗靶点的致癌基因、生物标志物和免疫肿瘤学检查点。本文综述了这些关键异常、它们对蛋白质表达的影响、治疗意义以及各途径中的临床方向。
