Hamer Davidson H, Wilson Mary E, Jean Jenny, Chen Lin H
Center for Global Health and Development, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Crosstown 3rd floor, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2017 Apr;19(4):16. doi: 10.1007/s11908-017-0571-z.
While mosquitoes have been primarily responsible for outbreaks of Zika virus worldwide, most prominently in the Americas during 2015 and 2016, there has been increased recognition of the importance of sexual transmission. We review human reports and animal model studies of Zika sexual transmission and summarize potential therapeutic candidates.
Male-to-female, male-to-male, and female-to-male transmission has been reported, among unprotected sexual contacts of returning travelers. Human studies have shown the potential importance of long-term persistence of Zika virus in semen while animal models have begun to yield important insights into pathogenesis of Zika infection of the genital tract. Adherence to federal and global guidelines for prevention of sexual transmission of Zika virus from travelers to their sexual partners represents the best strategy for reducing the risk of transmission outside of endemic areas. Active research on potential treatments may soon yield candidates for clinical trials.
虽然蚊子一直是全球寨卡病毒爆发的主要原因，2015年和2016年在美洲最为突出，但人们越来越认识到性传播的重要性。我们回顾了关于寨卡病毒性传播的人类报告和动物模型研究，并总结了潜在的治疗候选药物。
在回国旅行者的无保护性行为中，已报告了从男性到女性、从男性到男性以及从女性到男性的传播。人体研究表明寨卡病毒在精液中长期持续存在的潜在重要性，而动物模型已开始对生殖道寨卡病毒感染的发病机制产生重要见解。遵守联邦和全球关于预防寨卡病毒从旅行者传播给其性伴侣的指南是降低流行地区以外传播风险的最佳策略。对潜在治疗方法的积极研究可能很快会产生用于临床试验的候选药物。
