Tørris Christine, Molin Marianne, Småstuen Milada Cvancarova
Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, NO-0130 Oslo, Norway.
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, NO-0317 Oslo, Norway.
Nutrients. 2017 Mar 8;9(3):247. doi: 10.3390/nu9030247.
Fish consumption may have beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome (MetS); however, limited information of such associations exists. This study investigated possible associations between fish consumption and changes in MetS components during a 13-year follow-up period.
The sample included participants (26-69 years) from the Tromsø Study 4 (1994-1995, = 23,907) and Tromsø Study 6 (2007-2008, = 12,981). Data were collected using questionnaires including food frequency questions, non-fasting blood samples, and physical examinations. MetS was defined using the Joint Interim Societies (JIS) definition, in which one point was given for each MetS criteria fulfilled (metabolic score). Longitudinal analyses were performed using Linear mixed models.
For both genders, lean fish consumption once a week or more was significantly associated with decreased future metabolic score, decreased triglycerides, and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, whereas decreased waist circumference and blood pressure was identified only for men (age adjusted models). Fatty fish consumption was significantly associated with increased waist circumference for both genders and increased HDL-cholesterol levels in men. : The results suggest that fatty and lean fish consumption may influence MetS differently and that lean fish consumption in particular seems to be associated with beneficial changes in the MetS components.
食用鱼类可能对代谢综合征（MetS）有有益影响；然而，关于此类关联的信息有限。本研究调查了在13年随访期间鱼类消费与代谢综合征各组成部分变化之间的可能关联。
样本包括来自特罗姆瑟研究4（1994 - 1995年，n = 23907）和特罗姆瑟研究6（2007 - 2008年，n = 12981）的参与者（26 - 69岁）。数据通过包括食物频率问题、非空腹血样和体格检查的问卷收集。代谢综合征采用联合临时协会（JIS）定义，满足每个代谢综合征标准得1分（代谢评分）。使用线性混合模型进行纵向分析。
对于男女两性，每周食用一次或更多次瘦鱼与未来代谢评分降低、甘油三酯降低以及高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇升高显著相关，而仅在男性中发现腰围和血压降低（年龄调整模型）。食用肥鱼与男女两性腰围增加以及男性HDL胆固醇水平升高显著相关。结论：结果表明，食用肥鱼和瘦鱼对代谢综合征的影响可能不同，特别是食用瘦鱼似乎与代谢综合征各组成部分的有益变化相关。
