Öksüz Lütfiye, Gürler Nezahat, Ağaçfidan Ali
İstanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
Mikrobiyol Bul. 2017 Jan;51(1):62-72. doi: 10.5578/mb.46533.
Whooping cough is a vaccine-preventable infectious diseases caused by Bordetella pertussis/parapertussis. Despite of routine immunization programs in the world, pertussis still remains endemic. Recently unvaccinated or partially immunized infants have infected with this pathogen and also increase of incidence was observed in adolescents and adults. The source of pertussis in newborns are attributed to household, especially due to the family members. Theaim of this study was to determine B.pertussis IgG antibody positivity by ELISA method in adults. Eighty-four of the total study population (39.6%) were anti-pertussis IgG positive, 128 (60.4%) were negative. The samples included in the study (n= 212) were divided into three groups according to ages: 19-35 years (Group 1, n= 61), 36-50 years (Group 2, n= 58), 51-65 years (Group 3, n= 93). Anti-pertussis IgG antibody positivity was 26.2% (n= 22) in Group 1, 26.2% (n= 22) in Group 2 and 47.6% (n= 40) in Group 3. According to the anti-pertussis IgG positivity results, no significant difference was observed between genders. The results were obtained as absorbance values by ELISA test, then transformed into semi-quantitative values as NovaTec Test Unit (NTU). NTU positive values were between 11.01-39.4. Ninety four percent of NTU values were in the range of 11.01 to 28.01 and 6% were between 28.01 to 39.4. It was observed that seropositivity rates peaked at ages of 27, 55 and 65. The highest NTU values were observed in the age of 32 in females and in the age of 24 in males. Relatively, low seropositivity values (NT= 15-20) were observed in both females and males to the age of 45 in Group 2. However a slight increase was observed in females after the age of 45. An increase (NTU ≥ 20) was determined in the age of 49 in males. The seropositivity rates were generally low (NT ≤ 20) in females in Group 3, but the highest values (NTU ≥ 30) were observed in 55 and 65 years of age in males in this group. The highest seropositivity (NTI ≥ 30) were in 55 and 65 years of age (NTI ≥ 30) in males and 27 years of age (NTU ≥ 30) in females while in 36-50 age range, it was relatively low (NTI ≤ 20). Routine pertussis vaccination program is not yet implemented for adults in our country. However, the causes more clearly demonstrate the need for adult pertussis vaccination since adults may be incompletely vaccinated or not vaccinated in the childhood, current vaccinations are not available in the childhood of adults, adults become more susceptible to infections as the age increases, life expectancy increases and the likelihood of encountering infections, and childhood vaccination antibodies diminish over time. According to the results of this study, a single dose of pertussis vaccine is recommended to implement for adults in our country.
百日咳是一种由百日咳博德特氏菌/副百日咳博德特氏菌引起的可通过疫苗预防的传染病。尽管全球都有常规免疫计划，但百日咳仍然流行。最近，未接种疫苗或部分免疫的婴儿感染了这种病原体，并且在青少年和成年人中也观察到发病率上升。新生儿百日咳的传染源归因于家庭，尤其是家庭成员。本研究的目的是通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法测定成年人中百日咳博德特氏菌IgG抗体的阳性率。在研究总人口中，84人（39.6%）抗百日咳IgG呈阳性，128人（60.4%）呈阴性。纳入研究的样本（n = 212）根据年龄分为三组：19 - 35岁（第1组，n = 61）、36 - 50岁（第2组，n = 58）、51 - 65岁（第3组，n = 93）。第1组抗百日咳IgG抗体阳性率为26.2%（n = 22），第2组为26.2%（n = 22），第3组为47.6%（n = 40）。根据抗百日咳IgG阳性结果，未观察到性别之间存在显著差异。通过ELISA试验获得的结果以吸光度值表示，然后转换为半定量值，即诺华测试单位（NTU）。NTU阳性值在11.01 - 39.4之间。94%的NTU值在11.01至28.01范围内，6%在28.01至39.4之间。观察到血清阳性率在27岁、55岁和65岁时达到峰值。女性在32岁时观察到最高NTU值，男性在24岁时观察到最高NTU值。相对而言，在第2组中，45岁之前的女性和男性血清阳性值（NT = 15 - 20）都较低。然而，45岁之后女性略有上升。男性在49岁时出现上升（NTU≥20）。第3组中女性的血清阳性率总体较低（NT≤20），但该组中男性在55岁和65岁时观察到最高值（NTU≥30）。最高血清阳性率（NTI≥30）在男性55岁和65岁时以及女性27岁时出现，而在36 - 50岁年龄范围内相对较低（NTI≤20）。我国尚未对成年人实施常规百日咳疫苗接种计划。然而，这些原因更清楚地表明了成年人接种百日咳疫苗的必要性，因为成年人在儿童时期可能未完全接种或未接种疫苗，成年人儿童时期没有现有的疫苗接种，随着年龄增长成年人更容易感染，预期寿命增加且接触感染的可能性增加，并且儿童时期接种疫苗产生的抗体随时间会减少。根据本研究结果，建议在我国为成年人接种一剂百日咳疫苗。
