Abildsnes Eirik, Rohde Gudrun, Berntsen Sveinung, Stea Tonje H
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
BMC Public Health. 2017 Mar 10;17(1):241. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4154-6.
Many adolescents do not reach the recommended levels of physical activity (PA), and students attending vocational studies are less committed to take part in physical education (PE) than other students. The purpose of the present study was twofold: 1) to examine differences in physical activity, diet, smoking habits, sleep and screen time among Norwegian vocational high school students who selected either a PE model focusing on PA skills, technique and improvement of physical performance ("Sports enjoyment") or more on health, play and having fun when participating in PE lessons ("Motion enjoyment"), and 2) to explore the students' experiences with PE programs.
In this mixed methods study 181 out of 220 invited students (82%) comprising 141 (78%) girls and 40 (22%) boys attending vocational studies of Restaurant and Food Processing (24%), Design, Arts and Crafts (27%) or Healthcare, Childhood and Youth Development (49%) were recruited for participation in the new PE program. PA level, sedentary time and sleep were objectively recorded using the SenseWear Armband Mini. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess dietary habits, smoking and snuffing habits, use of alcohol, screen use and active transportation. Four focus group interviews with 23 students (12 boys) were conducted to explore how the students experienced the new PE program.
Students attending "Motion enjoyment" accrued less steps/day compared to the "Sports enjoyment" group (6661 (5514, 7808) vs.9167 (7945, 10390) steps/day) and reported higher screen use (mean, 3.1; 95% CI, 2.8, 3.5) vs. 2.4 (2.0, 2.9) hours/day). Compared to those attending "Sports enjoyment", a higher number of students attending "Motion enjoyment" reported an irregular meal pattern (adjusted odds ratio, 5.40; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.28, 12.78), and being a current smoker (12.22 (1.62, 107.95)). The students participating in the focus group interviews emphasized the importance of having competent and engaging teachers, being able to influence the content of the PE program themselves, and that PE classes should include a variety of fun activities.
Students selecting "Motion enjoyment" accrued less steps/day and reported overall more unhealthy lifestyle habits, including higher screen time, a more irregular meal pattern and a higher number were current smokers, compared to those selecting "Sports enjoyment". Program evaluation revealed that both groups of students valued competent PE teachers and having influence on the content of the PE program.
许多青少年未达到建议的身体活动水平，且职业学校的学生比其他学生参与体育课程的积极性更低。本研究的目的有两个：1）比较挪威职业高中学生中选择侧重于身体活动技能、技巧和体能提升的体育模式（“运动乐趣”）或更侧重于健康、玩耍和在体育课中获得乐趣的体育模式（“动感乐趣”）的学生在身体活动、饮食、吸烟习惯、睡眠和屏幕使用时间方面的差异；2）探索学生对体育课程的体验。
在这项混合方法研究中，邀请的220名学生中有181名（82%）参与了新的体育课程，其中包括141名（78%）女生和40名（22%）男生，他们分别就读于餐饮与食品加工（24%）、设计、艺术与手工艺（27%）或医疗保健、儿童与青少年发展（49%）专业。使用SenseWear Armband Mini客观记录身体活动水平、久坐时间和睡眠时间。通过一份自我报告问卷评估饮食习惯、吸烟和鼻烟习惯、酒精使用、屏幕使用情况以及主动出行情况。对23名学生（12名男生）进行了四次焦点小组访谈，以探讨学生对新体育课程的体验。
与“运动乐趣”组相比，选择“动感乐趣”的学生每天步数更少（分别为6661（5514，7808）步/天和9167（7945，10390）步/天），且报告的屏幕使用时间更长（平均为3.1；95%置信区间，2.8，3.5），而“运动乐趣”组为2.4（2.0，2.9）小时/天。与选择“运动乐趣”的学生相比，选择“动感乐趣”的学生中更多人报告饮食模式不规律（调整后的优势比为5.40；95%置信区间（CI），2.28，12.78），且为当前吸烟者（12.22（1.62，107.95））。参与焦点小组访谈的学生强调了有能力且有吸引力的教师的重要性、能够自己影响体育课程的内容，以及体育课应包括各种有趣活动的重要性。
与选择“运动乐趣”的学生相比，选择“动感乐趣”的学生每天步数更少，且报告的整体生活方式习惯更不健康，包括屏幕使用时间更长、饮食模式更不规律以及当前吸烟者数量更多。课程评估显示，两组学生都重视有能力的体育教师以及对体育课程内容的影响力。
