Lei Lei
Department of Sociology, Maryland Population Research Center, University of Maryland - College Park, 2112 Parren Mitchell Art-Sociology Building (Bldg 146), 3834 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20742, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2017 Apr;179:172-181. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.02.028. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
The link between community environment and individual health outcomes has been widely documented in Western literature, but little is known about whether community context influences children's health over and above individual characteristics in developing countries. This study examines how community socioeconomic status (SES) influences children's self-rated health and nutritional status in urban and rural China and explores whether the effects of community SES vary by a child's gender and family background. Using data from the China Family Penal Studies in 2010, this study focuses on children aged 10-15 years old living in 261 urban neighborhoods and 293 rural villages in China. Multilevel regression models are estimated to examine the effect of community SES on the probability of reporting poor/fair health and nutritional status measured by height for age while controlling for individual and family characteristics. The results suggest that community SES has a positive and curvilinear effect on children's health and nutritional status in urban China, and it only positively influences children's nutrition in rural China. Community SES has a stronger effect for boys than for girls, and for children in poorer families and families with lower levels of parental involvement.
社区环境与个体健康结果之间的联系在西方文献中已有广泛记载，但在发展中国家，对于社区背景是否会超出个体特征对儿童健康产生影响，人们却知之甚少。本研究考察了中国城乡社区社会经济地位（SES）如何影响儿童的自评健康和营养状况，并探讨社区SES的影响是否因儿童性别和家庭背景而异。利用2010年中国家庭面板研究的数据，本研究聚焦于居住在中国261个城市社区和293个农村村庄的10至15岁儿童。在控制个体和家庭特征的同时，估计多层次回归模型，以检验社区SES对报告健康状况不佳/一般以及年龄别身高所衡量的营养状况概率的影响。结果表明，社区SES对中国城市儿童的健康和营养状况有正向的曲线效应，而在农村中国，它仅对儿童营养有正向影响。社区SES对男孩的影响比对女孩更强，对贫困家庭和父母参与度较低家庭的儿童影响更大。
