Boltz Marilyn G
a Department of Psychology , Haverford College , Haverford , PA , USA.
Memory. 2017 Nov;25(10):1309-1326. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2017.1298808. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
Two experiments examined the ability to remember the vocal tempo and pitch of different individuals, and the way this information is encoded into the cognitive system. In both studies, participants engaged in an initial familiarisation phase while attending was systematically directed towards different aspects of speakers' voices. Afterwards, they received a tempo or pitch recognition task. Experiment 1 showed that tempo and pitch are both incidentally encoded into memory at levels comparable to intentional learning, and no performance deficit occurs with divided attending. Experiment 2 examined the ability to recognise pitch or tempo when the two dimensions co-varied and found that the presence of one influenced the other: performance was best when both dimensions were positively correlated with one another. As a set, these findings indicate that pitch and tempo are automatically processed in a holistic, integral fashion [Garner, W. R. (1974). The processing of information and structure. Potomac, MD: Erlbaum.] which has a number of cognitive implications.
两项实验研究了记忆不同个体的语速和音高的能力，以及这些信息被编码到认知系统中的方式。在这两项研究中，参与者都经历了一个初始熟悉阶段，同时注意力被系统地引导到说话者声音的不同方面。之后，他们接受了一项语速或音高识别任务。实验1表明，语速和音高都能像有意学习一样被偶然编码到记忆中，并且在分散注意力的情况下不会出现表现缺陷。实验2研究了在两个维度共同变化时识别音高或语速的能力，发现一个维度的存在会影响另一个维度：当两个维度彼此呈正相关时，表现最佳。总体而言，这些发现表明音高和语速是以整体、综合的方式自动处理的[加纳，W.R.（1974年）。信息与结构的处理。马里兰州波托马克：埃尔拉姆巴姆出版社]，这具有许多认知方面的意义。
