Üstün Sertaç, Kale Emre H, Çiçek Metehan
Department of Physiology, Ankara University School of Medicine Ankara, Turkey.
Brain Research Center, Ankara University Ankara, Turkey.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2017 Feb 24;11:83. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00083. eCollection 2017.
Time is an important concept which determines most human behaviors, however questions remain about how time is perceived and which areas of the brain are responsible for time perception. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between time perception and working memory in healthy adults. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used during the application of a visual paradigm. In all of the conditions, the participants were presented with a moving black rectangle on a gray screen. The rectangle was obstructed by a black bar for a time period and then reappeared again. During different conditions, participants ( = 15, eight male) responded according to the instructions they were given, including details about time and the working memory or dual task requirements. The results showed activations in right dorsolateral prefrontal and right intraparietal cortical networks, together with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), anterior insula and basal ganglia (BG) during time perception. On the other hand, working memory engaged the left prefrontal cortex, ACC, left superior parietal cortex, BG and cerebellum activity. Both time perception and working memory were related to a strong peristriate cortical activity. On the other hand, the interaction of time and memory showed activity in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). These results support a distributed neural network based model for time perception and that the intraparietal and posterior cingulate areas might play a role in the interface of memory and timing.
时间是一个决定大多数人类行为的重要概念，然而，关于时间是如何被感知的以及大脑的哪些区域负责时间感知，仍然存在问题。本研究的目的是评估健康成年人的时间感知与工作记忆之间的关系。在应用视觉范式期间使用了功能磁共振成像（fMRI）。在所有条件下，参与者在灰色屏幕上看到一个移动的黑色矩形。矩形被黑色条遮挡一段时间，然后再次出现。在不同条件下，参与者（n = 15，8名男性）根据所给的指示做出反应，包括关于时间以及工作记忆或双重任务要求的细节。结果显示，在时间感知期间，右侧背外侧前额叶和右侧顶内皮质网络以及前扣带回皮质（ACC）、前脑岛和基底神经节（BG）有激活。另一方面，工作记忆涉及左侧前额叶皮质、ACC、左侧顶上叶皮质、BG和小脑活动。时间感知和工作记忆都与强烈的纹周皮质活动有关。另一方面，时间和记忆的相互作用显示顶内沟（IPS）和后扣带回皮质（PCC）有活动。这些结果支持了一种基于分布式神经网络的时间感知模型，并且顶内和后扣带回区域可能在记忆和计时的界面中发挥作用。
