Rosano G M C, Spoletini I, Vitale C
a Department of Cardiovascular and Cell Science Research , St George's Hospital , London , UK.
b Department of Medical Sciences , IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana , Rome , Italy.
Climacteric. 2017 Apr;20(2):125-128. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2017.1291780. Epub 2017 Mar 2.
Cardiovascular disease in women differs in clinical presentation, pathophysiology and prognosis from that in men. The role of estrogens and androgens may help explain such sex dimorphisms, being involved in cardiac function, endothelial function and vascular tone. In particular, the cardioprotective effect of estrogen replacement therapy is observed in postmenopausal women in a time-dependent manner, i.e. when it is initiated at their first menopausal symptoms. Postmenopausal women, beyond aged men, may also benefit from testosterone supplementation therapy. Testosterone has been found to be an effective and safe therapy for elderly women with chronic heart failure. However, further studies are needed to clarify doses and routes of administration of androgens in postmenopausal women.
女性心血管疾病在临床表现、病理生理学和预后方面与男性不同。雌激素和雄激素的作用可能有助于解释这种性别差异，它们参与心脏功能、内皮功能和血管张力。特别是，雌激素替代疗法的心脏保护作用在绝经后女性中呈时间依赖性，即在她们出现首次绝经症状时开始使用。绝经后女性除了老年男性外，也可能从睾酮补充疗法中获益。睾酮已被发现是治疗老年慢性心力衰竭女性的一种有效且安全的疗法。然而，需要进一步研究来明确绝经后女性雄激素的剂量和给药途径。
