Yamaguchi Motonori, Randle James M, Wilson Thomas L, Logan Gordon D
Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University.
Department of Psychology, Bellarmine University.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2017 Sep;43(9):1432-1447. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000385. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
Hierarchical control of skilled performance depends on chunking of several lower-level units into a single higher-level unit. The present study examined the relationship between chunking and recognition of trained materials in the context of typewriting. In 3 experiments, participants were trained with typing nonwords and were later tested on their recognition of the trained materials. In Experiment 1, participants typed the same words or nonwords in 5 consecutive trials while performing a concurrent memory task. In Experiment 2, participants typed the materials with lags between repetitions without a concurrent memory task. In both experiments, recognition of typing materials was associated with better chunking of the materials. Experiment 3 used the remember-know procedure to test the recollection and familiarity components of recognition. Remember judgments were associated with better chunking than know judgments or nonrecognition. These results indicate that chunking is associated with explicit recollection of prior typing episodes. The relevance of the existing memory models to chunking in typewriting was considered, and it is proposed that memory chunking improves retrieval of trained typing materials by integrating contextual cues into the memory traces. (PsycINFO Database Record
熟练技能的分层控制依赖于将几个较低层次的单元组块成一个单一的较高层次的单元。本研究在打字的背景下考察了组块与对训练材料的识别之间的关系。在3个实验中，参与者接受了非单词打字训练，随后对他们对训练材料的识别进行了测试。在实验1中，参与者在执行一项并行记忆任务的同时，连续5次试验中打出相同的单词或非单词。在实验2中，参与者在重复之间有时间间隔的情况下打出材料，没有并行记忆任务。在这两个实验中，对打字材料的识别都与对材料更好的组块有关。实验3使用记住-知道程序来测试识别中的回忆和熟悉度成分。与知道判断或未识别相比，记住判断与更好的组块有关。这些结果表明，组块与对先前打字情节的明确回忆有关。考虑了现有记忆模型与打字中组块的相关性，并提出记忆组块通过将情境线索整合到记忆痕迹中来改善对训练打字材料的检索。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
