Zhang Qingyu, Fan Juwang, Yang Weidong, Chen Bixin, Zhang Lijuan, Liu Jiaoyu, Wang Jingling, Zhou Chunyao, Chen Xuan
a College of Environmental and Resources Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , People's Republic of China.
b Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2017 Jul;67(7):814-823. doi: 10.1080/10962247.2017.1301275. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
Vehicle deterioration and technological change influence emission factors (EFs). In this study, the impacts of vehicle deterioration and emission standards on EFs of regulated pollutants (carbon monoxide [CO], hydrocarbon [HC], and nitrogen oxides [NO]) for gasoline light-duty trucks (LDTs) were investigated according to the inspection and maintenance (I/M) data using a chassis dynamometer method. Pollutant EFs for LDTs markedly varied with accumulated mileages and emission standards, and the trends of EFs are associated with accumulated mileages. In addition, the study also found that in most cases, the median EFs of CO, HC, and NO are higher than those of basic EFs in the International Vehicle Emissions (IVE) model; therefore, the present study provides correction factors for the IVE model relative to the corresponding emission standards and mileages.
Currently, vehicle emissions are great contributors to air pollution in cities, especially in developing countries. Emission factors play a key role in creating emission inventory and estimating emissions. Deterioration represented by vehicle age and accumulated mileage and changes of emission standards markedly influence emission factors. In addition, the results provide collection factors for implication in the IVE model in the region levels.
车辆老化和技术变革会影响排放因子（EFs）。在本研究中，根据使用底盘测功机方法的检查与维护（I/M）数据，研究了车辆老化和排放标准对汽油轻型卡车（LDTs）中受管制污染物（一氧化碳[CO]、碳氢化合物[HC]和氮氧化物[NO]）排放因子的影响。轻型卡车的污染物排放因子随累计里程和排放标准显著变化，且排放因子的趋势与累计里程相关。此外，研究还发现，在大多数情况下，CO、HC和NO的中位排放因子高于国际车辆排放（IVE）模型中的基本排放因子；因此，本研究提供了IVE模型相对于相应排放标准和里程的校正因子。
目前，车辆排放是城市空气污染的重要来源，尤其是在发展中国家。排放因子在创建排放清单和估算排放方面起着关键作用。以车辆使用年限和累计里程表示的老化以及排放标准的变化显著影响排放因子。此外，研究结果为区域层面的IVE模型提供了校正因子。
