Macchia D D
Indiana University School of Medicine, Northwest Center for Medical Education, Gary 46342.
Pharm Weekbl Sci. 1987 Dec 11;9(6):305-14. doi: 10.1007/BF01956510.
It is now known that cardiac atria play an important role in blood pressure and volume regulation. Mechanical distension of the atria results in the release of a potent diuretic and natriuretic agent or agents termed the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF). Several structurally related forms of ANF exist in man and it is thought that these represent precursory forms of a single optimally active molecule and/or the presence of more than one form of active ANF. The chemical structure of ANF between different mammalian species is similar. ANF receptors have been identified in kidney, brain, vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle and the adrenal glands of many mammalian species, including man. This would suggest that ANF influences blood pressure and volume homoeostasis by affecting any one of a number of biochemical or physiological mechanisms via different target tissues. ANF is now considered a potentially valuable therapeutic agent for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Synthesis of potent receptor antagonists could be extremely useful in the treatment of various clinical situations which are produced or complicated by endogenously produced ANF, such as chronic orthostatic hypotension.
现在已知心脏心房在血压和容量调节中起重要作用。心房的机械扩张会导致一种强效利尿剂和利钠剂（称为心房利钠因子，ANF）的释放。在人类中存在几种结构相关的ANF形式，人们认为这些代表了单一最佳活性分子的前体形式和/或存在不止一种形式的活性ANF。不同哺乳动物物种之间ANF的化学结构相似。在包括人类在内的许多哺乳动物物种的肾脏、大脑、血管内皮和平滑肌细胞、气管和支气管平滑肌以及肾上腺中都已鉴定出ANF受体。这表明ANF通过经由不同靶组织影响多种生化或生理机制中的任何一种来影响血压和容量稳态。ANF现在被认为是治疗高血压和充血性心力衰竭的一种潜在有价值的治疗剂。强效受体拮抗剂的合成在治疗由内源性产生的ANF引起或使其复杂化的各种临床情况（如慢性体位性低血压）中可能极其有用。
