Tarutta E P, Verzhanskaya T Yu
Moscow Helmholtz Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 14/19 Sadovaya-Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, Russian Federation, 105062.
Vestn Oftalmol. 2017;133(1):49-54. doi: 10.17116/oftalma2017133149-54.
The global prevalence of myopia in adults varies between 20-50% in Europe and the US and 60-90% in Asian countries. According to WHO, myopia is one of the five leading causes of blindness and low vision in the world. Prevention or deceleration of myopia progression is an important public health problem. In recent years, orthokeratology (ortho-k) contact lenses worn at night have been found effective in slowing down the progression of myopia, however, the follow-up period in related studies is no longer than five years.
to investigate the effects of long-term (10 years) overnight wear of ortho-k lenses on the dynamics of axial eye growth in children and adolescents.
This is a prospective cohort study of the effects of ortho-k lenses on the dynamics of anterior-posterior elongation of the eyeball in 84 patients (168 eyes) aged 7 to 16 years and diagnosed with progressive myopia of 1.0 to 7.0 diopters. Patients were examined every three months, including the slit lamp examination to detect possible side effects of lens wear.
The study proves the decelerating effect of the method on disease progression: the average 10-year increase in the axial eye length was 0.7±0.02 mm that corresponds to myopia progression of 2.4 diopters. A comparative analysis of the annual axial eye growth depending on patient age and the degree of myopia at baseline was performed. The increase was found to be generally greater in young children with higher initial myopia.
Long-term wear of orthokeratology lenses is able to slow down the axial eye growth, i.e. the progression of myopia.
在欧洲和美国，成年人近视的全球患病率在20%至50%之间，而在亚洲国家为60%至90%。根据世界卫生组织的数据，近视是全球导致失明和视力低下的五大主要原因之一。预防或减缓近视进展是一个重要的公共卫生问题。近年来，已发现夜间佩戴的角膜塑形术（ortho-k）隐形眼镜在减缓近视进展方面有效，然而，相关研究的随访期不超过五年。
研究长期（10年）夜间佩戴角膜塑形术镜片对儿童和青少年眼轴生长动态的影响。
这是一项前瞻性队列研究，研究角膜塑形术镜片对84例年龄在7至16岁、被诊断为1.0至7.0屈光度进行性近视患者（168只眼）眼球前后伸长动态的影响。每三个月对患者进行一次检查，包括裂隙灯检查以检测佩戴镜片可能产生的副作用。
该研究证明了该方法对疾病进展的减缓作用：眼轴长度的平均10年增长为0.7±0.02毫米，相当于近视进展2.4屈光度。对根据患者年龄和基线近视程度的年度眼轴增长进行了比较分析。发现初始近视程度较高的幼儿增长通常更大。
长期佩戴角膜塑形术镜片能够减缓眼轴生长，即近视进展。
