Leftwich Heidi K, Alves Marcus Vinicius Ortega
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 119 Belmont Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 119 Belmont Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2017 Apr;64(2):381-388. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2016.11.007. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
Adolescent pregnancy, although on the decline, represents a significant public health concern. Often adolescents present late to prenatal care, either from lack of knowledge, fear of consequences, limited access, stigma, or all of the above. Although multifaceted, there are many risks both to mother and child that are increased in adolescent pregnancy. Many are unintended and are at risk for repeat adolescent pregnancy, especially within the first 2 years. Risks include but are not limited to: low birth weight, preterm delivery, stillbirth, and preeclampsia, as well as feelings of social isolation, delayed or neglected educational goals, and maternal depression.
青少年怀孕现象尽管呈下降趋势,但仍是一个重大的公共卫生问题。青少年常常很晚才开始进行产前护理,原因可能是缺乏相关知识、害怕后果、就医途径有限、感到羞耻,或者是上述所有因素。尽管情况错综复杂,但青少年怀孕会增加母婴面临的诸多风险。许多怀孕都是意外怀孕,而且有再次怀孕的风险,尤其是在头两年内。风险包括但不限于:低出生体重、早产、死产和先兆子痫,以及社会孤立感、教育目标延迟或被忽视,还有产妇抑郁。