Mastergeorge Ann M, Paschall Katherine, Loeb Sophie R, Dixon Ashley
University of Arizona, Family Studies and Human Development, McClelland Park, 650 N. Park Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
University of Arizona, Family Studies and Human Development, McClelland Park, 650 N. Park Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States.
Infant Behav Dev. 2014 Aug;37(3):387-97. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.05.006. Epub 2014 Jun 18.
The Still-Face Paradigm (SFP) is a structured stressful event within which researchers have investigated the influence of maternal psychological and behavioral characteristics on infant behavior. The present investigation contributes to this body of work by examining the joint contributions of maternal and child behavioral and affective characteristics on subsequent behaviors and affectations following the SFP. A sample of non-clinically depressed mothers and their infants (n=31) engaged in a modified Still-Face Paradigm (SFP), followed by a period of toy play. These interactions were videotaped and behaviorally coded along the following dimensions: maternal sensitivity prior to the SFP and during toy play, infant negative emotional reactivity during the still-face, and infant resistance during the reunion phase. Additionally, mothers reported global self-esteem and this was examined as a predictor of infant behavior. Results revealed significant bidirectional influences such that maternal self-esteem predicted infant emotional reactivity, maternal sensitivity pre-SFP predicted infant resistance during the reunion phase, and infant resistance predicted subsequent levels of maternal sensitivity. Indirect effects were also examined, and provided additional support for bidirectionality in mother-infant interactions. Implications for clinical practice are discussed in light of these findings.
静态脸范式（SFP）是一种结构化的应激事件，研究人员在此事件中研究母亲的心理和行为特征对婴儿行为的影响。本研究通过考察母亲和孩子的行为及情感特征对静态脸范式后后续行为和情感的共同影响，为这一研究领域做出了贡献。一组非临床抑郁的母亲及其婴儿（n = 31）参与了改良的静态脸范式，随后进行了一段时间的玩具玩耍。这些互动过程被录像，并按照以下维度进行行为编码：静态脸范式之前及玩具玩耍期间母亲的敏感性、静态脸期间婴儿的负面情绪反应以及重聚阶段婴儿的抗拒。此外，母亲们报告了总体自尊，并将其作为婴儿行为的预测指标进行检验。结果显示出显著的双向影响，即母亲的自尊预测婴儿的情绪反应，静态脸范式之前母亲的敏感性预测重聚阶段婴儿的抗拒，而婴儿的抗拒预测随后母亲的敏感性水平。还检验了间接效应，为母婴互动中的双向性提供了额外支持。根据这些发现讨论了对临床实践的启示。
