Fougerolle Stéphanie, Legrand Loïc, Lecouturier Fanny, Sailleau Corinne, Paillot Romain, Hans Aymeric, Pronost Stéphane
LABÉO-Frank Duncombe, 1 Route de Rosel, 14053 Caen Cedex 4, France; University of Caen Basse-Normandie, 14000 Caen, France; Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM), EA 4655, and Chair of Excellence, Equine Immunology, 14032 Caen, France; Hippolia Foundation, La Maison du cheval, 6 Avenue du Maréchal Montgomery, 14000 Caen, France.
LABÉO-Frank Duncombe, 1 Route de Rosel, 14053 Caen Cedex 4, France; University of Caen Basse-Normandie, 14000 Caen, France; Unité de Recherche Risques Microbiens (U2RM), EA 4655, and Chair of Excellence, Equine Immunology, 14032 Caen, France; Hippolia Foundation, La Maison du cheval, 6 Avenue du Maréchal Montgomery, 14000 Caen, France.
Virology. 2017 May;505:210-217. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.02.003. Epub 2017 Mar 11.
Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a major respiratory pathogen of horses despite the availability of equine influenza vaccines. This study aimed to determine genetic evolution of EIV strains in France between 1967 to present. A whole genome comparative analysis was also conducted on recent French strains in order to identify potential factors of pathogenicity. Comparison of French EIV sequences with vaccine and worldwide epidemic strains revealed amino acid substitutions in both haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase, especially within the antigenic sites and/or close to receptor binding sites (HA). Amino acid substitutions were also identified in other genes, mainly the polymerase complex proteins and PB1-F2. Viruses belonging to Eurasian and American lineages have circulated until 2003 and Florida sub-lineage Clade 2 strains predominates since 2005. The last French strain (2015) displayed several specificities in HA suggesting the occurrence of antigenic drift with presence of pathogenic markers in the PA and PB1-F2 genes.
尽管有马流感疫苗，但马流感病毒（EIV）仍是马的主要呼吸道病原体。本研究旨在确定1967年至今法国EIV毒株的基因进化情况。为了确定潜在的致病因素，还对法国近期的毒株进行了全基因组比较分析。将法国EIV序列与疫苗株和全球流行株进行比较，结果显示血凝素（HA）和神经氨酸酶均存在氨基酸替换，特别是在抗原位点和/或靠近受体结合位点（HA）处。在其他基因中也发现了氨基酸替换，主要是聚合酶复合蛋白和PB1-F2。属于欧亚和美洲谱系的病毒一直传播到2003年，自2005年以来，佛罗里达亚谱系2分支毒株占主导地位。法国的最后一株毒株（2015年）在HA中表现出几种特异性，表明存在抗原漂移，且PA和PB1-F2基因中存在致病标记。
