Riley Callum James, Gavin Matthew
1 Imperial College School of Medicine , London, United Kingdom .
2 University of Leeds School of Biomedical Sciences , Leeds, United Kingdom .
High Alt Med Biol. 2017 Jun;18(2):102-113. doi: 10.1089/ham.2016.0112. Epub 2017 Mar 15.
Riley, Callum James, and Matthew Gavin. Physiological changes to the cardiovascular system at high altitude and its effects on cardiovascular disease. High Alt Med Biol. 18:102-113, 2017.-The physiological changes to the cardiovascular system in response to the high altitude environment are well understood. More recently, we have begun to understand how these changes may affect and cause detriment to cardiovascular disease. In addition to this, the increasing availability of altitude simulation has dramatically improved our understanding of the physiology of high altitude. This has allowed further study on the effect of altitude in those with cardiovascular disease in a safe and controlled environment as well as in healthy individuals. Using a thorough PubMed search, this review aims to integrate recent advances in cardiovascular physiology at altitude with previous understanding, as well as its potential implications on cardiovascular disease. Altogether, it was found that the changes at altitude to cardiovascular physiology are profound enough to have a noteworthy effect on many forms of cardiovascular disease. While often asymptomatic, there is some risk in high altitude exposure for individuals with certain cardiovascular diseases. Although controlled research in patients with cardiovascular disease was largely lacking, meaning firm conclusions cannot be drawn, these risks should be a consideration to both the individual and their physician.
赖利、卡勒姆·詹姆斯和马修·加文。高海拔地区心血管系统的生理变化及其对心血管疾病的影响。《高海拔医学与生物学》。2017年第18卷：102 - 113页。——人们已经充分了解了心血管系统对高海拔环境的生理反应。最近，我们开始明白这些变化如何影响心血管疾病并对其造成损害。除此之外，海拔模拟设备的日益普及极大地增进了我们对高海拔生理学的理解。这使得我们能够在安全可控的环境中，对患有心血管疾病的人群以及健康个体进行海拔影响的进一步研究。通过全面的PubMed搜索，本综述旨在将高海拔地区心血管生理学的最新进展与先前的认知相结合，以及其对心血管疾病的潜在影响。总的来说，研究发现高海拔地区心血管生理学的变化足够深刻，足以对多种形式的心血管疾病产生显著影响。虽然通常无症状，但某些患有心血管疾病的个体在高海拔环境中暴露存在一定风险。尽管在心血管疾病患者中缺乏大量对照研究，这意味着无法得出确凿结论，但这些风险对于个体及其医生来说都应予以考虑。
