Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.
Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Apr 18;51(8):4220-4229. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06064. Epub 2017 Apr 7.
The two municipal drinking water systems of New Orleans, LA, U.S.A. were sampled to compare the microbiology of independent systems that treat the same surface water from the Mississippi River. To better understand temporal trends and sources of microbiology delivered to taps, these treatment plants and distribution systems were subjected to source-to-tap sampling over four years. Both plants employ traditional treatment by chloramination, applied during or after settling, followed by filtration before distribution in a warm, low water age system. Longitudinal samples indicated microbiology to have stability both spatially and temporally, and between treatment plants and distribution systems. Disinfection had the greatest impact on microbial composition, which was further refined by filtration and influenced by distribution and premise plumbing. Actinobacteria spp. exhibited trends with treatment. In particular, Mycobacterium spp., very low in finished waters, occurred idiosyncratically at high levels in some tap waters, indicating distribution and/or premise plumbing as main contributors of mycobacteria. Legionella spp., another genus containing potential opportunistic pathogens, also occurred ubiquitously. Source water microbiology was most divergent from tap water, and each step of treatment brought samples more closely similar to tap waters.
美国路易斯安那州新奥尔良市的两个市政饮用水系统进行了采样，以比较处理来自密西西比河相同地表水的独立系统的微生物学情况。为了更好地了解输送到水龙头的微生物学的时间趋势和来源，对这些处理厂和分配系统进行了为期四年的从源头到水龙头的采样。这两个工厂都采用传统的氯胺处理方法，在沉淀过程中或之后进行处理，然后在温暖的低水龄系统中进行过滤后再进行分配。纵向样本表明微生物学在空间和时间上以及在处理厂和分配系统之间具有稳定性。消毒对微生物组成的影响最大，过滤进一步细化了这种影响，并受到分配和前提管道的影响。放线菌属的物种表现出与处理相关的趋势。特别是分枝杆菌属，在成品水中含量非常低，但在一些自来水中却异常高，表明分配和/或前提管道是分枝杆菌的主要来源。军团菌属，另一个包含潜在机会性病原体的属，也普遍存在。水源微生物学与自来水最不相似，处理的每一步都使样本更接近自来水。
