Taheri Sepideh
Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, Department of Academic Paediatrics, London, Canada.
Nutr Health. 2017 Mar;23(1):47-50. doi: 10.1177/0260106016688699. Epub 2017 Mar 1.
Although dietary factors are known to trigger headaches, the relationship between food and headache in children remains unclear. This prospective, observational case series aimed to evaluate the effect of exclusion of frequently-consumed foods in a cohort of children with headache.
One hundred and fifteen children aged 3-15 (mean 10.5) years with primary headache were followed in a paediatric outpatient clinic. Patients who frequently consumed foods or food additives known to trigger headaches were advised to exclude them for six weeks and to return for follow-up with headache and food diary.
One hundred patients attended follow-up. Of these 13 (13%) did not respond to dietary exclusion; 87 (87%) achieved complete resolution of headaches by exclusion of 1-3 of the identified food(s). Caffeine was the most common implicated trigger (28), followed by monosodium glutamate (25), cocoa (22), aspartame (13), cheese (13), citrus (10) and nitrites (six). One patient was sensitive to tomatoes.
This study demonstrates the potential scale and significance of seven frequently consumed foods or food additives as triggers for primary headache in children. Also this is the first study to show that headaches can be triggered by the cumulative effect of a food that is frequently consumed, rather than by single time ingestion.
尽管已知饮食因素会引发头痛，但食物与儿童头痛之间的关系仍不明确。这项前瞻性观察性病例系列研究旨在评估在一组头痛儿童中排除经常食用的食物的效果。
在一家儿科门诊对115名3至15岁（平均10.5岁）的原发性头痛儿童进行随访。建议经常食用已知会引发头痛的食物或食品添加剂的患者将其排除六周，并带着头痛日记和饮食日记回来进行随访。
100名患者参加了随访。其中13名（13%）对饮食排除无反应；87名（87%）通过排除1至3种已确定的食物实现了头痛完全缓解。咖啡因是最常见的引发因素（28例），其次是味精（25例）、可可（22例）、阿斯巴甜（13例）、奶酪（13例）、柑橘（10例）和亚硝酸盐（6例）。1名患者对西红柿敏感。
本研究证明了七种经常食用的食物或食品添加剂作为儿童原发性头痛引发因素的潜在规模和重要性。此外，这是第一项表明头痛可能由经常食用的食物的累积效应引发，而非单次摄入引发的研究。
