Peatfield R C
Princess Margaret Migraine Clinic, Charing Cross Hospital, London, England.
Headache. 1995 Jun;35(6):355-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.1995.hed3506355.x.
Five hundred seventy-seven consecutive patients attending the Princess Margaret Migraine Clinic from 1989 to 1991 have been questioned about dietary precipitants of their headaches. Four hundred twenty-nine patients had migraine, of which 16.5% reported that headaches could be precipitated by cheese or chocolate, and nearly always both. Of the migraine patients, 18.4% reported sensitivity to all alcoholic drinks, while another 11.8% were sensitive to red wine but not to white wine; 28% of the migrainous patients reported that beer would precipitate headaches. There was a definite statistical association between sensitivity to cheese/chocolate and to red wine (P < 0.001) and also to beer (P < 0.001), but none between diet sensitivity and sensitivity to alcoholic drinks in general. None of 40 patients with tension headache (diagnosed by International Headache Society criteria) reported sensitivity to foods, and only one was sensitive to alcoholic drinks. The prevalence of sensitivity among 46 patients with some migrainous features was intermediate between the migraine and tension headache categories. It is concluded that cheese/chocolate and red wine sensitivity, in particular, have closely related mechanisms, in some way related more to migraine than to more chronic tension-type headache, while quite separate mechanisms play a major role in sensitivity to alcoholic drinks in general.
1989年至1991年期间，连续有577名患者前往玛格丽特公主偏头痛诊所就诊，我们询问了他们头痛的饮食诱发因素。429名患者患有偏头痛，其中16.5%的患者报告称头痛可能由奶酪或巧克力诱发，而且几乎总是两者都诱发。在偏头痛患者中，18.4%的患者报告对所有酒精饮料敏感，另有11.8%的患者对红酒敏感但对白酒不敏感；28%的偏头痛患者报告啤酒会诱发头痛。对奶酪/巧克力和红酒敏感之间（P < 0.001）以及对啤酒敏感之间（P < 0.001）存在明确的统计学关联，但饮食敏感性与总体酒精饮料敏感性之间无关联。40名紧张性头痛患者（根据国际头痛协会标准诊断）均未报告对食物敏感，只有1名患者对酒精饮料敏感。46名有一些偏头痛特征的患者中，敏感的患病率介于偏头痛和紧张性头痛类别之间。结论是，尤其是对奶酪/巧克力和红酒敏感，具有密切相关的机制，在某种程度上与偏头痛的关系比对更慢性的紧张型头痛的关系更大，而完全不同的机制在总体酒精饮料敏感性中起主要作用。
