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瑞士成年人群体中酒精政策变化及个人酒精消费的22年趋势：一项基于人群的1993 - 2014年横断面研究

Alcohol policy changes and 22-year trends in individual alcohol consumption in a Swiss adult population: a 1993-2014 cross-sectional population-based study.

作者信息

Dumont Shireen, Marques-Vidal Pedro, Favrod-Coune Thierry, Theler Jean-Marc, Gaspoz Jean-Michel, Broers Barbara, Guessous Idris

机构信息

University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.

Department of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.

出版信息

BMJ Open. 2017 Mar 15;7(3):e014828. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014828.

DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014828
PMID:28298370
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5353307/
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Evidence on the impact of legislative changes on individual alcohol consumption is limited. Using an observational study design, we assessed trends in individual alcohol consumption of a Swiss adult population following the public policy changes that took place between 1993 and 2014, while considering individual characteristics and secular trends. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Swiss general adult population. PARTICIPANTS: Data from 18 963 participants were collected between 1993 and 2014 (aged 18-75 years). OUTCOME MEASURES: We used data from the 'Bus Santé' study, an annual health survey conducted in random samples of the adult population in the State of Geneva, Switzerland. Individual alcohol intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Individual characteristics including education were self-reported. 7 policy changes (6 about alcohol and 1 about tobacco) that occurred between 1993 and 2014 defined 6 different periods. We predicted alcohol intake using quantile regression with multivariate analysis for each period adjusting for participants' characteristics and tested significance periods. Sensitivity analysis was performed including drinkers only, the 10th centile of highest drinkers and smoker's status. RESULTS: Between 1993 and 2014, participants' individual alcohol intake decreased from 7.1 to 5.4 g/day (24% reduction, p<0.001). Men decreased their alcohol intake by 34% compared with 22% for women (p<0.001). The decrease in alcohol intake remained significant when considering drinkers only (28% decrease, p<0.001) and the 10th centile highest drinkers (24% decrease, p<0.001). Consumption of all alcoholic beverages decreased between 1993 and 2014 except for the moderate consumption of beer, which increased. After adjustment for participants' characteristics and secular trends, no independent association between alcohol legislative changes and individual alcohol intake was found. CONCLUSIONS: Between 1993 and 2014, alcohol consumption decreased in the Swiss adult population independently of policy changes.

摘要

目的：关于立法变化对个人酒精消费影响的证据有限。我们采用观察性研究设计，评估了1993年至2014年间公共政策变化后瑞士成年人群个人酒精消费的趋势，同时考虑个体特征和长期趋势。 设计：横断面研究。 背景：瑞士一般成年人群。 参与者：1993年至2014年间收集了18963名参与者的数据（年龄在18 - 75岁）。 观察指标：我们使用了“健康巴士”研究的数据，这是一项对瑞士日内瓦州成年人群随机样本进行的年度健康调查。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷评估个人酒精摄入量。包括教育程度在内的个体特征由参与者自行报告。1993年至2014年间发生的7项政策变化（6项关于酒精，1项关于烟草）定义了6个不同时期。我们在每个时期使用分位数回归并进行多变量分析来预测酒精摄入量，对参与者特征进行调整并检验显著时期。进行了敏感性分析，包括仅针对饮酒者、饮酒量最高的第10百分位数者以及吸烟者状态。 结果：1993年至2014年间，参与者的个人酒精摄入量从每天7.1克降至5.4克（减少24%，p<0.001）。男性酒精摄入量减少了34%，而女性减少了22%（p<0.001）。仅考虑饮酒者时酒精摄入量的减少仍然显著（减少28%，p<0.001），饮酒量最高的第10百分位数者也是如此（减少24%，p<0.001）。1993年至2014年间，除了中等量啤酒消费增加外，所有酒精饮料的消费量均下降。在对参与者特征和长期趋势进行调整后，未发现酒精立法变化与个人酒精摄入量之间存在独立关联。 结论：1993年至2014年间，瑞士成年人群的酒精消费量下降，与政策变化无关。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/21da/5353307/20403f48a517/bmjopen2016014828f02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/21da/5353307/bfc2717a2750/bmjopen2016014828f01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/21da/5353307/20403f48a517/bmjopen2016014828f02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/21da/5353307/bfc2717a2750/bmjopen2016014828f01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/21da/5353307/20403f48a517/bmjopen2016014828f02.jpg

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Alcohol policy changes and 22-year trends in individual alcohol consumption in a Swiss adult population: a 1993-2014 cross-sectional population-based study.

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[2]
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[3]
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[4]
Patterns and trends of alcohol consumption in rural and urban areas of China: findings from the China Kadoorie Biobank.

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Alcohol industry self-regulation: who is it really protecting?

Addiction. 2017-1

[2]
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Nutrients. 2015-11-18

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BMC Oral Health. 2014-9-30

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BMJ. 2014-4-15

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