Van de Cruys Sander, Wagemans Johan, Ekroll Vebjørn
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.
Iperception. 2015 Apr;6(2):86-90. doi: 10.1068/i0719sas. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
In many magic tricks, magicians fool their audience by performing a mock action (a so-called "ruse"), which merely serves the purpose of providing a seemingly natural explanation for visible movements that are actually part of the secret move they want to hide from the audience. Here, we discuss a special magic ruse in which the action of secretly something somewhere is "explained away" by the mock action of something from the same place, or . Interestingly, the psychological principles underlying the amazing potency and robustness of this technique seem to be very similar to the general perceptual principles underlying figure-ground perception and the assignment of border ownership. This analogy may be useful for exploring the possibility that this and similar magical effects involve immediate "unconscious inferences" about intentions more akin to perceptual processing than to explicit deliberations based on a reflective "theory" of mind.
在许多魔术中，魔术师通过表演一个模拟动作（所谓的“诡计”）来欺骗观众，这个模拟动作仅仅是为了给那些实际上是他们想对观众隐瞒的秘密动作一部分的可见动作提供一个看似自然的解释。在这里，我们讨论一种特殊的魔术诡计，即把在某处秘密放置某物的动作通过从同一地点拿起某物，或……的模拟动作“解释过去”。有趣的是，这种技巧惊人的效力和稳健性背后的心理原理似乎与图形-背景感知和边界归属分配背后的一般感知原理非常相似。这种类比可能有助于探索这样一种可能性，即这种以及类似的魔术效果涉及对意图的即时“无意识推理”，这种推理更类似于感知处理，而不是基于反思性“心理理论”的明确思考。
