School of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China.
School of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China; Nanshi Hospital, Henan University College of Medicine, Nanyang, Henan 453003, China.
J Immunol Res. 2017;2017:9671604. doi: 10.1155/2017/9671604. Epub 2017 Feb 19.
The neutrophil is the major phagocyte and the final effector cell of the innate immunity, with a primary role in the clearance of extracellular pathogens. Using the broad array of cytokines, extracellular traps, and effector molecules as the humoral arm, neutrophils play a crucial role in the host defense against pathogen infections. On the other hand, the pathogen has the capacity to overcome neutrophil-mediated host defense to establish infection causing human disease. Pathogens, such as , have the potential to thwart neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis and thereby succeed in evading killing by neutrophils. Furthermore, surviving within neutrophils promotes neutrophil cytolysis, resulting in the release of host-derived molecules that promote local inflammation. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the mechanisms by which neutrophils kill the extracellular pathogens and how pathogens evade neutrophils degradation. This review will provide insights that might be useful for the development of novel therapies against infections caused by antibiotic resistant pathogens.
中性粒细胞是先天免疫的主要吞噬细胞和终末效应细胞，在清除细胞外病原体方面发挥着主要作用。中性粒细胞利用广泛的细胞因子、细胞外陷阱和效应分子作为体液免疫，在宿主抵御病原体感染的防御中发挥着关键作用。另一方面，病原体有能力克服中性粒细胞介导的宿主防御，从而导致人类疾病的感染。一些病原体，如 ，有可能阻止中性粒细胞趋化和吞噬，从而成功逃避中性粒细胞的杀伤。此外， 在中性粒细胞内存活会促进中性粒细胞细胞溶解，导致释放宿主来源的分子，促进局部炎症。在这里，我们详细概述了中性粒细胞杀死细胞外病原体的机制，以及病原体如何逃避中性粒细胞的降解。这篇综述将为开发针对抗生素耐药病原体引起的感染的新型治疗方法提供有价值的见解。
