Yzaguirre Amanda D, de Bruijn Marella F T R, Speck Nancy A
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA.
MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;962:47-64. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-3233-2_4.
The de novo generation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) occurs solely during embryogenesis from a population of epithelial cells called hemogenic endothelium (HE). During midgestation HE cells in multiple intra- and extraembryonic vascular beds leave the vessel wall as they transition into HSPCs in a process termed the endothelial to hematopoietic transition (EHT). Runx1 expression in HE cells orchestrates the transcriptional switch necessary for the transdifferentiation of endothelial cells into functional HSPCs. Runx1 is widely considered the master regulator of developmental hematopoiesis because it plays an essential function during specification of the hematopoietic lineage during embryogenesis. Here we review the role of Runx1 in embryonic HSPC formation, with a particular focus on its role in hemogenic endothelium.
造血干细胞和祖细胞（HSPC）的从头生成仅在胚胎发育期间从一群称为造血内皮（HE）的上皮细胞中发生。在妊娠中期，多个胚胎内和胚胎外血管床中的HE细胞在向内皮-造血转化（EHT）过程中转变为HSPC时离开血管壁。HE细胞中Runx1的表达协调了内皮细胞转分化为功能性HSPC所需的转录开关。Runx1被广泛认为是发育性造血的主要调节因子，因为它在胚胎发育期间造血谱系的特化过程中发挥着重要作用。在这里，我们综述了Runx1在胚胎HSPC形成中的作用，特别关注其在造血内皮中的作用。
