Department of Pathology, DJTMF Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146.
Annu Rev Anal Chem (Palo Alto Calif). 2017 Jun 12;10(1):321-343. doi: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061516-045405. Epub 2017 Mar 6.
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are shed from the primary tumor into the circulatory system and act as seeds that initiate cancer metastasis to distant sites. CTC enumeration has been shown to have a significant prognostic value as a surrogate marker in various cancers. The widespread clinical utility of CTC tests, however, is still limited due to the inherent rarity and heterogeneity of CTCs, which necessitate robust techniques for their efficient enrichment and detection. Significant recent advances have resulted in technologies with the ability to improve yield and purity of CTC enrichment as well as detection sensitivity. Current efforts are largely focused on the translation and standardization of assays to fully realize the clinical utility of CTCs. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of CTC enrichment and detection techniques with an emphasis on novel approaches for rapid quantification of CTCs.
循环肿瘤细胞（CTCs）从原发性肿瘤脱落到循环系统中，作为引发癌症转移到远处部位的种子。CTC 计数已被证明作为各种癌症的替代标志物具有重要的预后价值。然而，由于 CTC 固有的稀有性和异质性，需要强大的技术来有效地富集和检测 CTC，因此 CTC 检测的广泛临床应用仍然受到限制。最近取得了重大进展，开发出了能够提高 CTC 富集和检测灵敏度的技术。目前的努力主要集中在检测方法的转化和标准化上，以充分实现 CTC 的临床应用。在这篇综述中，我们旨在全面概述 CTC 富集和检测技术，重点介绍快速定量 CTC 的新方法。
