Bao Huimin, Yao Yao, Tang Wenqi, Yang Dayong
Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P.R. China.
Bioinformatics Center of AMMS, Beijing, 100850, P.R. China.
Chem Bio Eng. 2025 Jan 31;2(3):171-181. doi: 10.1021/cbe.4c00185. eCollection 2025 Mar 27.
Advancements in cell separation are essential for understanding cellular phenotypes and functions, with implications for both research and therapeutic applications. This review examines the evolution of cell separation techniques, categorizing them into physical and affinity-based methods, with a primary focus on the latter due to its high specificity. Among affinity techniques, DNA nanomaterials have emerged as powerful tools for biomolecular recognition owing to their unique properties and diverse range of nanostructures. We discuss various DNA nanomaterials, including linear aptamers, multivalent DNA constructs, DNA origami, and DNA hydrogels and their roles in cell recognition and separation. Each section highlights the distinctive characteristics of these DNA nanostructures, providing examples from recent studies that demonstrate their applications in cell isolation and release. We also compare the four DNA nanomaterials, outlining their individual contributions and identifying the remaining challenges and opportunities for further development. We conclude that DNA nanotechnology holds great promise as a transformative solution for cell separation, particularly in the context of personalized therapeutics.
细胞分离技术的进步对于理解细胞表型和功能至关重要，对研究和治疗应用均有影响。本综述考察了细胞分离技术的发展历程，将其分为物理方法和基于亲和力的方法，由于基于亲和力的方法具有高特异性，因此主要关注后者。在亲和力技术中，DNA纳米材料因其独特的性质和多样的纳米结构，已成为生物分子识别的强大工具。我们讨论了各种DNA纳米材料，包括线性适体、多价DNA构建体、DNA折纸和DNA水凝胶及其在细胞识别和分离中的作用。每个部分都突出了这些DNA纳米结构的独特特征，并提供了近期研究中的实例，展示了它们在细胞分离和释放中的应用。我们还比较了这四种DNA纳米材料，概述了它们各自的贡献，并确定了进一步发展中仍然存在的挑战和机遇。我们得出结论，DNA纳米技术作为细胞分离的变革性解决方案具有巨大潜力，特别是在个性化治疗的背景下。
