Przeliorz-Pyszczek Anna, Regulska-Ilow Bożena
Wroclaw Medical University, Department of Dietetics, 34 Parkowa, 51-616 Wrocław, Poland
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2017;68(1):5-13.
Obesity is a growing problem worldwide. The risk of the excessive body weight occurrence is a multifactorial issue. Environmental factors, lifestyle habits, diet, physical activity level, as well as genetic predisposition can increase obesity risk. One of the genes studied – the FTO gene - plays a crucial role in obesity occurrence. Individuals who carry risk alleles of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have a greater risk of being overweight. Recent studies revealed that specific macronutrient diet composition can influence differently on the FTO expression. The aim of this article is to review the recent literature on the topic of the FTO gene, its influence on overweight and obesity prevalence and the role of diet in modifying its impact on the risk of the excessive body weight occurrence. There are not many studies focusing on the dietary intervention influence on the FTO gene expression. As far as it has been researched it seems that the proper dietary habits can modify the FTO gene risk allele influence on obesity susceptibility.
肥胖是一个在全球范围内日益严重的问题。体重超标风险是一个多因素问题。环境因素、生活方式习惯、饮食、身体活动水平以及遗传易感性都会增加肥胖风险。所研究的基因之一——FTO基因——在肥胖发生过程中起着关键作用。携带特定单核苷酸多态性（SNP）风险等位基因的个体超重风险更高。最近的研究表明，特定的常量营养素饮食组成对FTO表达的影响各不相同。本文的目的是综述关于FTO基因这一主题的最新文献，其对超重和肥胖患病率的影响以及饮食在改变其对体重超标发生风险影响方面的作用。关注饮食干预对FTO基因表达影响的研究并不多。就目前所研究的情况来看，适当的饮食习惯似乎可以改变FTO基因风险等位基因对肥胖易感性的影响。
