Meng Claudia
Zoologisches Institut der Universität Würzburg, Deutschland.
Wilhelm Roux Arch Entwickl Mech Org. 1968 Jun;161(2):162-208. doi: 10.1007/BF00585970.
Oogenesis and cleavage ofPimpla turionellae were studied by conventional histological methods. - The development of the oocytes in the polytroph-meroistic ovariole is subdivided into 10 stages. In stage II, when the nutritive chamber is formed, the young oocyte contains achromidium in the ooplasm, which lies on the membrane of the nucleus, being situated in the center of the cell. In the following stages the chromidium is placed in the lower part of the oocyte. In all stages the nutritive cells are connected with the oocyte by a plasm continuation of the oocyte. The nucleus of the oocyte possesses a caryosphere and severalendobodies ("Binnenkörper") but no nucleoli. In stage V the firstaccessory nuclei appear near the nucleus, which is now situated in the front part of the oocyte. In stage VIvitellogenesis begins along the periphery of the front part of the oocyte. The accessory nuclei are considerably multiplied in the anterior part of the oocyte.Oosome material accumulates around the chromidium, forming a cone-shaped region. In stage VIII the cytoplasm of the nutritive cells streams into the oocyte. The oocyte is filled up with yolk bodies. The oosome material is rounding off. The accessory nuclei dissolve. - The development of the deposited egg was examined until the formation of thepole cells. The oosome reaches the periplasm of the posterior pole, where it spreads. The forming pole cells take up the oosome material.The distribution ofnucleic acids, polysaccharides, proteins andlipids in the cells of the ovariole and egg was analyzed with standard histochemical methods. - In all stages the polyploid nutritive cells deliver RNA substances to the oocyte by means of the plasm continuation. The endobodies of the oocyte nucleus are built up by proteins, RNA is absent. The yolk bodies contain proteins and polysaccharides. The accessory nuclei and the chromidium contain proteins; DNA and RNA could not be demonstrated. In all stages the oosome is rich in RNA. - The egg contains muchfat and glycogen yolk. In the growing oocyte the fat grana appear early. Large amounts of glycogen are deposited in the nearly grown up oocyte.The problems ofgrowth andtectonics of the oocyte and hypotheses of the oosome function during the proliferative growth of the oocyte and later on during embryonic development as a factor predisposing the fate of pole cells are discussed.
采用传统组织学方法研究了梨形肿腿蜂的卵子发生和卵裂。——多滋-多卵卵巢管中卵母细胞的发育可分为10个阶段。在第二阶段，当营养室形成时，年轻的卵母细胞在卵质中含有核外染色质，其位于细胞核膜上，细胞核位于细胞中央。在随后的阶段，核外染色质位于卵母细胞的下部。在所有阶段，营养细胞通过卵母细胞的质连续与卵母细胞相连。卵母细胞的细胞核有一个核球和几个核内体（“Binnenkörper”），但没有核仁。在第五阶段，第一批副核出现在细胞核附近，此时细胞核位于卵母细胞的前部。在第六阶段，卵黄发生沿着卵母细胞前部的周边开始。副核在卵母细胞的前部大量增殖。卵质体物质在核外染色质周围积累，形成一个锥形区域。在第八阶段，营养细胞的细胞质流入卵母细胞。卵母细胞充满了卵黄小体。卵质体物质变圆。副核溶解。——对产下的卵进行发育检查，直至极细胞形成。卵质体到达后极的周质，在那里扩散。正在形成的极细胞摄取卵质体物质。用标准组织化学方法分析了卵巢管和卵的细胞中核酸、多糖、蛋白质和脂质的分布。——在所有阶段，多倍体营养细胞通过质连续将RNA物质输送到卵母细胞。卵母细胞核的核内体由蛋白质构成，不含RNA。卵黄小体含有蛋白质和多糖。副核和核外染色质含有蛋白质；未检测到DNA和RNA。在所有阶段，卵质体富含RNA。——卵含有大量脂肪和糖原卵黄。在生长中的卵母细胞中，脂肪颗粒出现得较早。大量糖原沉积在接近成熟的卵母细胞中。讨论了卵母细胞的生长和构造问题，以及卵质体在卵母细胞增殖生长期间以及随后胚胎发育过程中作为影响极细胞命运的因素的功能假说。
