Gutzeit Herwig O, Strauß Arthur
Institut für Biologie I der Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21a, D-7800, Freiburg, Germany.
Rouxs Arch Dev Biol. 1989 Nov;198(4):185-190. doi: 10.1007/BF00375904.
The developmental potential of the cells of the somatic follicular epithelium (follicle cells) was studied in mutants in which the differentiation of the germ-line cells is blocked at different stages of oogenesis. In two mutants, sn and kelch, nurse cell regression does not occur, yet the follicle cells around the small oocyte continue their normal developmental program and produce an egg shell with micropylar cone and often deformed operculum and respiratory appendages. Neither the influx of nurse cell cytoplasm into the oocyte nor the few follicle cells covering the nurse cells are apparently required for the formation of the egg shell. In the tumor mutant benign gonial cell neoplasm (bgcn) the follicle cells can also differentiate to some extent although the germ-line cells remain morphologically undifferentiated. Vitelline membrane material was synthesized by the follicle cells in some bgcn chambers and in rare cases a columnar epithelium, which resembled morphologically that of wild-type stage-9 follicles, formed around the follicle's posterior end. The normal polarity of the follicular epithelium that is characteristic for mid-vitellogenic stages may, therefore, be established in the absence of morphologically differentiating germ-line cells. However, the tumorous germ-line cells do not constitute a homogeneous cell population since in about 30% of the analyzed follicles a cell cluster at or near the posterior pole can be identified by virtue of its high number of concanavalin A binding sites. This molecular marker reveals an anteroposterior polarity of the tumorous chambers. In follicles mutant for both bgcn and the polarity gene dicephalic the cluster of concanavalin A-stained germ-line cells shifts to more anterior positions in the follicle.
在生殖系细胞分化在卵子发生不同阶段受阻的突变体中，研究了体细胞卵泡上皮细胞（卵泡细胞）的发育潜能。在两个突变体sn和kelch中，滋养细胞不会退化，但小卵母细胞周围的卵泡细胞继续其正常的发育程序，并产生带有卵孔锥的卵壳，且卵盖和呼吸附属物常常变形。卵壳的形成显然既不需要滋养细胞的细胞质流入卵母细胞，也不需要覆盖滋养细胞的少数卵泡细胞。在肿瘤突变体良性生殖细胞瘤（bgcn）中，尽管生殖系细胞在形态上仍未分化，但卵泡细胞也能在一定程度上分化。在一些bgcn卵泡腔中，卵泡细胞合成了卵黄膜物质，在极少数情况下，在卵泡后端周围形成了柱状上皮，其形态与野生型9期卵泡的柱状上皮相似。因此，在没有形态学上分化的生殖系细胞的情况下，可能会建立起卵黄发生中期特征性的卵泡上皮正常极性。然而，肿瘤性生殖系细胞并不构成一个同质的细胞群体，因为在大约30%的分析卵泡中，可以通过其高数量的伴刀豆球蛋白A结合位点识别出位于后极或靠近后极的细胞簇。这种分子标记揭示了肿瘤卵泡腔的前后极性。在bgcn和极性基因双头突变的卵泡中，伴刀豆球蛋白A染色的生殖系细胞簇在卵泡中转移到更靠前的位置。
