Liamis George, Filippatos Theodosios D, Liontos Angelos, Elisaf Moses S
a Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine , University of Ioannina , Ioannina , Greece.
Postgrad Med. 2017 May;129(4):456-459. doi: 10.1080/00325481.2017.1308210. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Although serum osmolal gap can be a useful diagnostic tool, clinicians are not familiar with its use in clinical practice.
The review presents in a series of questions-answers and under a clinical point of view the current data regarding the use of osmolal gap.
The definition and the best formula used for the calculation of osmolal gap, the main causes of increased osmolal gap with or without increased anion gap metabolic acidosis, as well as the role of concurrent lactic acidosis or ketoacidosis are presented under a clinical point of view.
The calculation of osmolal gap is crucial in the differential diagnosis of many patients presenting in emergency departments with possible drug or substance overdose as well as in comatose hospitalized patients.
尽管血清渗透压间隙可能是一种有用的诊断工具，但临床医生在临床实践中并不熟悉其应用。
本综述以问答形式并从临床角度介绍了有关渗透压间隙应用的当前数据。
从临床角度介绍了渗透压间隙的定义和用于计算渗透压间隙的最佳公式、伴有或不伴有阴离子间隙增加的代谢性酸中毒时渗透压间隙增加的主要原因，以及同时存在的乳酸酸中毒或酮症酸中毒的作用。
在急诊科许多可能存在药物或物质过量的患者以及住院昏迷患者的鉴别诊断中，渗透压间隙的计算至关重要。
