Palma-Álvarez Raul Felipe, Ros-Cucurull Elena, Amaro-Hosey Kristopher, Rodriguez-Cintas Laia, Grau-López Lara, Corominas-Roso Margarida, Sánchez-Mora Cristina, Roncero Carlos
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Rev Neurosci. 2017 Jul 26;28(5):499-508. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0078.
Several neurobiological factors are related to opiate-use disorder (OUD), and among them, neurotrophins have a relevant role. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a central neurotrophin involved in many neuronal processes, and it has been related to several psychiatric diseases and addictive disorders. BDNF can be measured in plasma and serum; its levels may reflect BDNF concentrations in the central nervous system (CNS) and, indirectly, CNS processes. Hence, peripheral BDNF could be a biomarker in clinical practice. This manuscript explores the findings about peripheral BDNF and OUD in humans. Opiates induce neurotoxicity in the CNS, which may be correlated with modifications in BDNF expression. Thus, basal levels of peripheral BDNF in OUD patients may be altered, which could be modified with abstinence. Also, opiates may modify epigenetic processes that may be associated with peripheral concentrations of BDNF, and in this line, withdrawal could reflect recovering processes in the CNS. Additionally, treatment modifies the peripheral concentrations of BDNF, but the clinical implications of those changes are yet not elucidated. No specific conclusion can be performed and more investigation in this area is necessary to elucidate the real potential of peripheral BDNF as a biomarker.
几种神经生物学因素与阿片类药物使用障碍（OUD）相关，其中神经营养因子起着重要作用。脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）是一种核心神经营养因子，参与许多神经元过程，并且与多种精神疾病和成瘾性疾病有关。BDNF可以在血浆和血清中检测；其水平可能反映中枢神经系统（CNS）中的BDNF浓度，并且间接反映CNS的过程。因此，外周血BDNF可能成为临床实践中的一种生物标志物。本手稿探讨了有关人类外周血BDNF与OUD的研究结果。阿片类药物会在CNS中诱导神经毒性，这可能与BDNF表达的改变相关。因此，OUD患者外周血BDNF的基础水平可能会发生改变，而这种改变可能会随着戒断而得到改善。此外，阿片类药物可能会改变表观遗传过程，这可能与BDNF的外周浓度有关，在这方面，戒断可能反映CNS中的恢复过程。此外，治疗会改变BDNF的外周浓度，但这些变化的临床意义尚未阐明。目前无法得出具体结论，该领域需要更多研究以阐明外周血BDNF作为生物标志物的真正潜力。
