Alag Poorvanshi, Szafoni Sandra, Ji Michael Xincheng, Macionga Agata Aleksandra, Nazir Saad, Więckiewicz Gniewko
Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-808 Zabrze, Poland.
J Pers Med. 2025 Jul 24;15(8):328. doi: 10.3390/jpm15080328.
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic disease that remains difficult to treat, even with significant improvements in available medications. While current treatments work well for some, they often do not account for the unique needs of individual patients, leading to less-than-ideal results. Precision medicine offers a new path forward by tailoring treatments to fit each person's genetic, psychological, and social needs. This review takes a close look at medications for OUD, including methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone, as well as long-acting options that may improve adherence and convenience. Beyond medications, the review highlights the importance of addressing mental health co-morbidities, trauma histories, and social factors like housing or support systems to create personalized care plans. The review also explores how emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence and digital health tools, can enhance how care is delivered. By identifying research gaps and challenges in implementing precision medicine into practice, this review emphasizes the potential to transform OUD treatment. A more individualized approach could improve outcomes, reduce relapse, and establish a new standard of care focused on recovery and patient well-being.
阿片类物质使用障碍（OUD）是一种慢性疾病，即便现有药物有了显著改进，其治疗仍颇具难度。虽然当前的治疗方法对部分患者效果良好，但往往无法顾及个体患者的独特需求，导致治疗效果不尽如人意。精准医学通过量身定制治疗方案以契合每个人的基因、心理和社会需求，为治疗带来了新的途径。本综述深入探讨了用于治疗OUD的药物，包括美沙酮、丁丙诺啡和纳曲酮，以及可能提高依从性和便利性的长效药物。除药物外，综述强调了应对心理健康共病、创伤史以及住房或支持系统等社会因素以制定个性化护理计划的重要性。综述还探讨了包括人工智能和数字健康工具在内的新兴技术如何能够提升护理的提供方式。通过识别在将精准医学应用于实践过程中的研究差距和挑战，本综述强调了变革OUD治疗的潜力。一种更加个性化的方法有望改善治疗效果、减少复发，并建立以康复和患者福祉为重点的新护理标准。
