Taper Mark L, Böhning-Gaese Katrin, Brown James H
Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, 87131, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Abteilung für Verhaltensphysiologie, Beim Kupferhammer 8, D-72070, Tübingen, Germany.
Oecologia. 1995 Apr;101(4):478-486. doi: 10.1007/BF00329427.
We investigated how the population dynamics of the same bird species varied in different environments, and how the population dynamics of different species varied in the same environment, by calculating long-term population trends for 59 insectivorous songbird species in 22 regions or strata of eastern and central North America using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey. Of the 47 species that occurred in more than one region 77% increased in some regions and declined in others. Of the 22 regions 91% had some species that increased and others that decreased. There were only slightly more significant correlations between strata in species trends and between species for stratum trends than would be expected by chance. Because of nonlinearities in the data, the actual patterns of population fluctuations of the same species in different regions and of different species in the same region were even more heterogeneous than suggested by our analyses of linear trends. We conclude that these bird species respond to spatial and temporal variation in their environment in a very individualistic fashion. These individualistic responses show that the extrapolation of population trends gained from a few local studies to a larger spatial scale, and the use of a few indicator species to monitor the status of a broader community, are suspect.
我们通过利用北美繁殖鸟类调查的数据，计算了北美东部和中部22个区域或地层中59种食虫鸣禽的长期种群趋势，以此来研究同一鸟类物种的种群动态在不同环境中是如何变化的，以及不同物种的种群动态在同一环境中是如何变化的。在出现在多个区域的47个物种中，77%在某些区域增加而在其他区域减少。在22个区域中，91%有一些物种增加而另一些物种减少。物种趋势中的地层之间以及地层趋势中的物种之间的显著相关性仅略高于偶然预期。由于数据中的非线性，同一物种在不同区域以及不同物种在同一区域的实际种群波动模式比我们对线性趋势的分析所显示的更加异质。我们得出结论，这些鸟类物种以非常个性化的方式对其环境中的空间和时间变化做出反应。这些个性化反应表明，从表明，将从一些局部研究中获得的种群趋势外推到更大的空间尺度，以及使用少数指示物种来监测更广泛群落的状态，都是不可靠的。
