Wieser Wolfgang, Wiest Lucia
Lehrkanzel für Tierphysiologie, Zoologisches Institut der Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Deutschland.
Oecologia. 1968 Apr;1(1-2):38-48. doi: 10.1007/BF00377253.
Specimens of Porcellio scaber taken from a stable culture and placed into glass dishes where they are fed leaf litter will lose copper through their faeces until the latter have accumulated sufficiently to form a thin layer of substrate. Under the experimental conditions chosen the animals show a net loss of copper for about three days. The copper content of the faecal substrate increases until the metal can be picked up again by the animals recycling their own faeces. After about a week the copper content of the faeces in the dish has dropped to a level comparable to that of the substrate in the original culture. Synchronous with this cycle of loss and gain the copper is transported between the two main body compartments: hepatopancreas and blood plus integument. At the beginning of the experiment two-thirds of the metal are stored in the hepatopancreas, but within one day the situation is reversed and two-thirds of the total body copper will be found outside the hepatopancreas. This condition lasts until about the third day of the experiment after which the original distribution is gradually resumed. In starving animals no such changes in the distribution of copper take place. On the other hand, a similar reversal can be found in females during the breeding period when copper leaves the hepatopancreas until about two-thirds of the total body copper are located outside this organ. Embryos and juveniles taken from the marsupium have a relatively high copper content, but it is not high enough to account fully for the increase in non-hepatopancreas copper.The dramatic movements of copper between the main body compartments are interpreted as being part of a complex mechanism that minimizes the loss of this important element during periods of high metabolic activity of the hepatopancreas.
从稳定培养环境中取出的鼠妇标本，放置在玻璃培养皿中并喂食落叶，它们会通过粪便排出铜，直到粪便积累到足以形成一层薄的底物层。在所选的实验条件下，动物在大约三天内会出现铜的净损失。粪便底物中的铜含量会增加，直到动物通过循环利用自己的粪便再次摄取这种金属。大约一周后，培养皿中粪便的铜含量会降至与原始培养物中底物相当的水平。与这种损失和获取的循环同步，铜在两个主要身体部位之间运输：肝胰腺和血液加体表。在实验开始时，三分之二的金属储存在肝胰腺中，但在一天内情况就会逆转，全身铜的三分之二会在肝胰腺之外被发现。这种情况一直持续到实验的第三天左右，之后原始分布会逐渐恢复。在饥饿的动物中，铜的分布不会发生这种变化。另一方面，在繁殖期的雌性动物中也可以发现类似的逆转，此时铜会离开肝胰腺，直到全身铜的三分之二位于该器官之外。从育儿袋中取出的胚胎和幼体铜含量相对较高，但不足以完全解释非肝胰腺铜含量的增加。铜在主要身体部位之间的剧烈移动被解释为一种复杂机制的一部分，这种机制在肝胰腺高代谢活动期间将这种重要元素的损失降至最低。
