Murrah W F
University of Tennessee Center for the Health Sciences, Department of Ophthalmology, Memphis 38163.
Ann Ophthalmol. 1988 Jan;20(1):36-8.
Following a definition of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) and the etiologic agent responsible, a brief history of the disorder dating back to 1889 is given. The clinical course, signs, symptoms, and corneal involvement of this disease, which sets it apart from other adenovirus conjunctivitis, are described. During the late summer of 1981, epidemics of viral conjunctivitis were reported in India and Miami, Florida. At this same time, in our office in Memphis Tennessee, we examined and treated 15 patients who had EKC of the adenovirus type 8 variety. A brief history, objective findings, and treatment of this condition are given along with findings, treatment, and follow-up of our series of patients; a probable cause of infection is offered. Good office hygiene can prevent the spread of EKC. Schiötz tonometry on a patient in the incubation period or during the later infection stage can spread the disease. Patients with EKC in whom a conjunctival pseudomembrane develops may have permanent scarring in the fornicies. Subepithelial corneal opacities of EKC may persist for months or longer, some more than three years. Use of topical steroids may cause remission of the subepithelial corneal opacities, but, when the drug is discontinued, reappearance of the lesions may result after months or a year or more.
在对流行性角结膜炎（EKC）及其致病病原体进行定义之后，给出了该疾病可追溯至1889年的简要病史。描述了这种疾病与其他腺病毒结膜炎不同的临床病程、体征、症状以及角膜受累情况。1981年夏末，印度和佛罗里达州迈阿密报告了病毒性结膜炎的流行。与此同时，在田纳西州孟菲斯我们的办公室里，我们检查并治疗了15例患有8型腺病毒引起的EKC的患者。给出了这种疾病的简要病史、客观检查结果及治疗情况，以及我们这组患者的检查结果、治疗和随访情况；还提出了可能的感染原因。良好的办公室卫生状况可预防EKC的传播。在潜伏期或感染后期对患者进行眼压测量（Schiötz眼压计测量）可能会传播疾病。出现结膜假膜的EKC患者可能会在结膜穹窿部留下永久性瘢痕。EKC的角膜上皮下混浊可能会持续数月或更长时间，有些会超过三年。局部使用类固醇可能会使角膜上皮下混浊消退，但停药后，数月或一年或更长时间后病变可能会再次出现。
