堇菜属植物Adunca J.E. Smith染色体族的比较生态生理学

Comparative ecophysiology of the chromosome races in Viola adunca J.E. Smith.

作者信息

Mauer Jack, Mayo James M, Denford Keith

机构信息

Department of Botany, University of Alberta, T6G 2E9, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

出版信息

Oecologia. 1978 Jan;35(1):91-104. doi: 10.1007/BF00345542.

DOI:10.1007/BF00345542

PMID:28309869

Abstract

Comparisons of net CO assimilation, dark respiration, leaf resistance, and leaf water potential were made between diploid and polyploid races of Viola adunca from the Cypress Hills, Alberta, Canada. The mean maximum net CO assimilation rate, at 20 C and 500 μE m s (phAR) was 26 mg CO g h (12 mg CO dm h) for polyploids, and 23 mg CO g h (11 mg dm h) for diploids. The difference is not statistically significant. Net CO assimilation rates at low (0° C) and high (40° C) temperatures were virtually the same for diploids and polyploids. There were no statistically significant differences between the chromosome races in light compensation or light saturation over the 0° to 40° C temperature range studied. Average dark respiration of the polyploid race at 20 C was 2.2 mg CO g h (1.0 mg CO dm h) compared with 2.0 mg CO g h (0.95 mg CO dm h) for the diploid race. The mean maximum leaf water potential of well watered plants was-7.9 bars for both ploidy levels. Minimum leaf resistance was ca. 3.6 s cm for both ploidy levels. Maximum net CO assimilation rates in both ploidy levels occurred at-9 bars leaf water potential. Based upon the plant responses studied, there are no differences between chromosome races collected from the same general area, and the polyploids do not respond more favorably to extremes of temperature and water potential. Ploidy per se does not affect the response of Viola adunca to its environment in this particular case.

摘要

对采自加拿大艾伯塔省柏树山的钝叶堇菜二倍体和多倍体族的净二氧化碳同化、暗呼吸、叶阻力和叶水势进行了比较。在20℃和500μE m⁻² s⁻¹（光合有效辐射）条件下，多倍体的平均最大净二氧化碳同化率为26 mg CO₂ g⁻¹ h⁻¹（12 mg CO₂ dm⁻² h⁻¹），二倍体为23 mg CO₂ g⁻¹ h⁻¹（11 mg CO₂ dm⁻² h⁻¹）。差异无统计学意义。二倍体和多倍体在低温（0℃）和高温（40℃）下的净二氧化碳同化率几乎相同。在所研究的0℃至40℃温度范围内，两个染色体族在光补偿或光饱和方面无统计学显著差异。多倍体族在20℃时的平均暗呼吸为2.2 mg CO₂ g⁻¹ h⁻¹（1.0 mg CO₂ dm⁻² h⁻¹），而二倍体族为2.0 mg CO₂ g⁻¹ h⁻¹（0.95 mg CO₂ dm⁻² h⁻¹）。两种倍性水平下充分浇水植株的平均最大叶水势均为-7.9巴。两种倍性水平下的最小叶阻力约为3.6 s cm⁻¹。两种倍性水平下的最大净二氧化碳同化率均出现在叶水势为-9巴时。基于所研究的植物反应，来自同一大致区域的染色体族之间没有差异，多倍体对温度和水势极端情况的反应也没有更有利。在这种特定情况下，倍性本身并不影响钝叶堇菜对其环境的反应。