Murawski D A, Gilbert L E
Department of Botany, University of Texas, 78712, Austin, TX, USA.
Department of Zoology, University of Texas, 78712, Austin, TX, USA.
Oecologia. 1986 Jan;68(2):161-167. doi: 10.1007/BF00384782.
Pollen dispersal by male and female Heliconius butterflies and hermit hummingbirds was examined in a natural population of the tropical vine Psiguria warscewiczii. Fluorescent dyes were used to track flowers visited by individual pollinators. Mean distance of pollen dispersal was significantly higher by males than by female Heliconius. Butterflies dispersed pollen greater distances than did hummingbirds. There were no significant differences in dispersal distance among species of Heliconius. The number of flowers or plants to which dye was dispersed was greater for Heliconius than for hummingbirds.The home range behavior and site specificity exhibited by Heliconius, together with the preference by most Heliconius species in the study site for Psiguria led us to examine the relationship between the butterflies' home range and its daily foraging among Psiguria. A Heliconius mark-recapture program was conducted simultaneously with the dye program. This study showed that individual butterflies, for which extensive recaptures were made, visited an area of Psiguria plants on any one day that corresponded to the area in which those butterflies were caught or observed. The area over which a butterfly moved was termed its home range; within home ranges relative movement by butterflies was estimated as the mean distance between sequential captures. This estimate differed significantly among species of Heliconius; males of all species moving greater distances than females.
在热带藤本植物 Psiguria warscewiczii 的一个自然种群中，研究了雄性和雌性红带袖蝶以及隐蜂鸟的花粉传播情况。使用荧光染料追踪个体传粉者访问过的花朵。雄性红带袖蝶的花粉传播平均距离显著高于雌性。蝴蝶传播花粉的距离比蜂鸟更远。在不同红带袖蝶物种之间，传播距离没有显著差异。红带袖蝶传播染料的花朵或植物数量比蜂鸟更多。红带袖蝶表现出的活动范围行为和地点特异性，以及研究地点大多数红带袖蝶物种对 Psiguria 的偏好，促使我们研究蝴蝶的活动范围与其在 Psiguria 上的每日觅食之间的关系。在进行染料实验的同时开展了一项红带袖蝶标记重捕计划。这项研究表明，对于有大量重捕记录的个体蝴蝶来说，它们在任何一天访问的 Psiguria 植物区域与它们被捕获或观察到的区域相对应。蝴蝶移动的区域被称为其活动范围；在活动范围内，蝴蝶的相对移动被估计为连续捕获点之间的平均距离。这种估计在不同红带袖蝶物种之间存在显著差异；所有物种的雄性移动距离都比雌性更远。
