Corbet Sarah A, Cuthill I, Fallows M, Harrison T, Hartley G
Department of Applied Biology, Pembroke Street, CB2 3DX, Cambridge, UK.
Oecologia. 1981 Oct;51(1):79-83. doi: 10.1007/BF00344656.
Wasps (Dolichovespula and Vespula spp.) worked predominantly upwards when foraging for nectar on inflorescences of the protogynous Scrophularia aquatica, in which the standing crop of nectar sugar per flower showed no clear pattern of vertical distribution up an inflorescence. Bumblebees taking nectar (Bombus hortorum visiting legally, and certain individuals of B. terrestris which positioned themselves head-upwards while taking nectar through holes bitten in the corolla) worked predominantly upwards on the racemose inflorescences of Linaria vulgaris, although the standing crop of nectar sugar per open flower increased up the raceme. Individuals of B. terrestris which robbed Linaria flowers in a head-down position worked predominantly downwards on inflorescences. The upward or downward directionality of intra-inflorescence movements by foraging insects may depend in part on the position these adopt during their flower visits.
在为雌雄异熟的水生玄参的花序采集花蜜时，黄蜂（黄胡蜂属和胡蜂属物种）主要向上活动，而每朵花的花蜜糖分存量在整个花序上并没有明显的垂直分布模式。熊蜂采集花蜜时（合法访花的园熊蜂，以及某些在通过花冠上咬出的洞采集花蜜时头部向上的地熊蜂个体），在柳穿鱼的总状花序上主要向上活动，尽管每朵开放花的花蜜糖分存量沿总状花序向上增加。以头向下的姿势掠夺柳穿鱼花朵的地熊蜂个体在花序上主要向下活动。觅食昆虫在花序内移动的向上或向下方向性可能部分取决于它们在访花时所采取的姿势。
