Kingsolver Joel G
Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, 02912, Providence, RI, USA.
Oecologia. 1985 Jul;66(4):540-545. doi: 10.1007/BF00379347.
I document a new mechanism for behavioral thermoregulation, not previously described in animals, called reflectance basking. This behavior, described here for Pieris butterflies, involves the use of the wings as solar reflectors that reflect solar radiation onto the body to increase body temperature. Results show that Pieris require thoracic (body) temperature. between 29° and 40° C in order to take off and fly, and achieve these elevated temperatures by basking. Diurnal patterns of population flight activity are closely correlated with patterns of body temperature during basking. Behavioral studies indicate that 1) Pieris orient to solar radiation, 2) they use thermoregulatory postures consistent with reflectance basking, and 3) they do not use the basking postures found in other Pierid butterflies (i.e., the Coliadinae). There are consistent differences in wing angles used in reflectance basking between Pieris in different subgenera. Results are discussed with respect to thermoregulation and wing color in other Pierid butterflies, and suggest that a re-evaluation of the functional significance of melanization in Pieris is needed.
我记录了一种行为体温调节的新机制，这在动物中此前未曾描述过，称为反射性 basking（此处 basking 可暂保留英文，因为可能是特定术语，若有对应中文可替换）。这种行为，在此处针对粉蝶属蝴蝶进行描述，涉及将翅膀用作太阳能反射器，把太阳辐射反射到身体上以提高体温。结果表明，粉蝶属蝴蝶起飞和飞行需要胸部（身体）温度在29°至40°C之间，并通过 basking 来达到这些较高温度。群体飞行活动的昼夜模式与 basking 期间的体温模式密切相关。行为研究表明：1）粉蝶属蝴蝶朝向太阳辐射；2）它们采用与反射性 basking 一致的体温调节姿势；3）它们不采用其他粉蝶科蝴蝶（即黄粉蝶亚科）所具有的 basking 姿势。不同亚属的粉蝶属蝴蝶在反射性 basking 中使用的翅膀角度存在一致差异。结合其他粉蝶科蝴蝶的体温调节和翅膀颜色对结果进行了讨论，并表明需要重新评估粉蝶属蝴蝶黑化的功能意义。
