Krainacker D A, Carey J R, Vargas R I
Department of Entomology, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA, USA.
USDA/ARS, 96804, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Oecologia. 1987 Oct;73(4):583-590. doi: 10.1007/BF00379420.
Demographic parameters for the Mediterranean fruit fly reared on each of twenty four different hosts from sixteen different plant families are reported. These include cohort parameters of development, survival, pupal sizc, and fecundity as well as population parameters such as intrinsic rate of population increase (r) and mean generation time. Major findings include the following: i) no consistent quantitative relationships existed between r and its chief demographic determinants such as preadult developmental time and adult fecundity; and ii) few correlations existed among the cohort life history parameters themselves. The principle conclusion is that the medfly is a successful generalist frugivore because of its developmental ability to offset the effect of the value for a host-specific trait that tends to lower r with one that tends to increase r, the net result of which is to maintain a relatively high r.
报告了在地中海实蝇取食来自16个不同植物科的24种不同寄主时的种群统计学参数。这些参数包括发育、存活、蛹大小和繁殖力的群组参数，以及诸如种群内禀增长率（r）和平均世代时间等种群参数。主要研究结果如下：i）r与其主要种群统计学决定因素（如成虫前期发育时间和成虫繁殖力）之间不存在一致的定量关系；ii）群组生活史参数之间几乎没有相关性。主要结论是，地中海实蝇是一种成功的多食性食果动物，因为它具有发育能力，能够抵消一个寄主特异性性状的值（该值往往会降低r）的影响，转而采用一个往往会增加r的性状，其净结果是维持相对较高的r。
