Desender Konjev
Laboratorium voor Ecologie der Dieren, Zoögeografie en Natuurbehoud, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
Oecologia. 1989 Mar;78(4):513-520. doi: 10.1007/BF00378743.
The wing-polymorphic ground beetle Pogonus chalceus MARSHAM was subjected to crossbreeding experiments under different laboratory conditions in order to estimate the genetic and environmental contributions to the total phenotypic variance in different morphological traits related to relative wing development and body size. Heritability of relative wing development appears to be strong. Beetle size also seems genetically determined in some cases, but separation of male and female parent contribution invariably shows a maternal effect. These results are tested in a breeding experiment with a high number of progeny from one parental pair, reared at two temperatures and at two levels of food supply. Relative wing development is not influenced by these environmental conditions, as expected, but different temperatures add significant variance to the body size values. The experimental results are used to explain interdemic variation in these morphological traits, as observed in three isolated field populations. The reproductive effort under optimum breeding conditions is higher in macropterous beetles than in beetles with reduced wings, but this could result from their larger body size. Migtion seems to be the most plausible underlying evolutionary mechanism for the observed wing reduction in older populations.
为了评估与相对翅发育和体型相关的不同形态特征的总表型变异中遗传和环境的贡献，对具有翅多型性的地甲虫黄斑青步甲（Pogonus chalceus MARSHAM）在不同实验室条件下进行了杂交实验。相对翅发育的遗传力似乎很强。在某些情况下，甲虫大小似乎也由基因决定，但区分雌雄亲代的贡献总是显示出母性效应。在一个育种实验中对这些结果进行了检验，该实验使用了来自一对亲代的大量后代，在两种温度和两种食物供应水平下饲养。正如预期的那样，相对翅发育不受这些环境条件的影响，但不同温度会给体型值增加显著的变异。实验结果被用于解释在三个孤立的野外种群中观察到的这些形态特征的种群间变异。在最佳繁殖条件下，有翅大的甲虫的繁殖投入高于翅退化的甲虫，但这可能是由于它们体型较大。迁移似乎是观察到的老年种群翅退化最合理的潜在进化机制。
