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寄生虫会给杂交种带来劣势吗?:以希腊北部小普雷斯帕湖的天然杂交种阿尔巴尼亚白鱼×鲁氏雅罗鱼为例的研究

Do parasites confer a disadvantage to hybrids? : A case study ofAlburnus alburnusxRutilus rubilio, a natural hybrid of Lake Mikri Prespa, Northern Greece.

作者信息

Dupont Francis, Crivelli Alain J

机构信息

Laboratoire de Parasitologie Comparée, Université des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Place E. Bataillon, F-34060, Montpellier, France.

Station biologique de la Tour du Valat, le Sambuc, F-13200, Arles, France.

出版信息

Oecologia. 1988 May;75(4):587-592. doi: 10.1007/BF00776424.

Abstract

This paper is the second of three studies of a natural hybrid,Rutilus rubilioxAlburnus alburnus found in Lake Mikri Prespa in Northern Greece. It compares the parasite load of the hybrid to that of its parents, focussing onDactylogyrus spp.,Diplozoon sp.,Bolbophorus confusus andPomphorhynchus bosniacus. The hybrid's gill tissue is parasitised almost exclusively by the parentalDactylogyrus. It follows that theDactylogyrus group constitutes an excellent biological marker for hybridisation. Furthermore, the hybrid is characterised by the following two features: 1. high susceptibility to parasitic infections, 2. important role of ecological components in the recruitment of parasites: for monoxenous parasites (Dactylogyrus spp.), the spatial position of the hybrid and for heteroxenous parasites (P. bosniacus), the trophic position. The parasitology of this particular hybrid may be useful as a model for the properties and fitness of hybrids in general.

摘要

本文是对希腊北部小普雷斯帕湖发现的自然杂交种赤睛鲤(Rutilus rubilio)×赤鳍鲃(Alburnus alburnus)进行的三项研究中的第二项。它将杂交种与其亲本的寄生虫负荷进行了比较,重点关注指环虫属(Dactylogyrus spp.)、双身虫属(Diplozoon sp.)、混淆泡吻吸虫(Bolbophorus confusus)和波斯尼亚钩头虫(Pomphorhynchus bosniacus)。杂交种的鳃组织几乎完全被亲本指环虫寄生。由此可见,指环虫类构成了杂交的一个优秀生物学标记。此外,杂交种具有以下两个特征:1. 对寄生虫感染高度敏感,2. 生态成分在寄生虫招募中的重要作用:对于单宿主寄生虫(指环虫属),是杂交种的空间位置,对于多宿主寄生虫(波斯尼亚钩头虫),是营养级位置。这种特定杂交种的寄生虫学可能作为一般杂交种特性和适应性的模型。

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